soc 327: module 9 - institutional corrections 낱말 카드 | Quizlet

Early Correctional Institutions were developed with the intention of

turning people into law abiding members of society

19th century north american prisons were based on one of two systems of punishment

pennsylvania system

auburn system

pennsylvania system was based on the ideas of

segregation and solitary confinement

the pennsylvania system was referred to as a

separate and silent system

inmates in the penn. system were prevented from

interacting with others

penn. system was designed to

force prisoners to think about their crimes and repent

penn. system was heavily influenced by

the quakers

penn system: ... was strongly encouraged to get offenders back on the right path

bible study

t/f: the auburn system was more common than the pennsylvania system

true

the auburn system advocated ... ad the path to reform

hard labour

unlike the pennsylvania system, inmates would

work together during the day and go to separate cells at night

which system popularized the black and white striped prison uniform

auburn

the auburn system was based on

bentham's panopticon

t/f: kingston prison was based on the auburn system

true

prisons were designed to create what foucault called

docile bodies

docile bodies

compliant and passive

docile bodies are produced by

df

ar

hp

denying freedom

arbitrary rules

harsh punishment

first period in the history of correctional ideology

policy of normalization

policy of normalization: offenders were reformed through

strict discipline

policy of normalization: goal was to ... offenders by (2)

normalize

instilling proper work habits

promoting religion

policy of normalization: prisons were populated by (4)

vagrants

the poor

prostitutes

mentally ill

t/f: the policy of normalization faced a lot of criticisms

true

medical model of corrections: emphasized

rehabilitation

what led to the shift from normalization to medicine (2)

the brown commission

archambault commission

archambault commission 4 key goals

p

safe

s but h

r and r

protection of society

safe custody of inmates

strict but humane treatment

reformation and rehabilitation

the medical model was a ... approach to prison

therapeutic

medical model of corrections: inmates were treated as

patients

medical model of corrections: prison populations grew as

judges sent more people to access treatment

medical model of corrections: treatments (3)

lobotomies

shock therapy

LSD

debates about the causes of crime and how to deal with it emerged in the 50s and 60s because of the

fauteaux commission

the fauteaux commission marked a significant shift in the

science of criminality

Fauteaux Commission found that

interventions were not having an effect on crime rates

after the fauteaux commission, the focus shifted to

reintegration

reintegration model: developed ... and made ... more accessible

aftercare programs

parole

probation

sentence served in the community

parole

early prison release into community

reintegration model: focused on key areas of

h

mh

s

es

s

housing

mental health

support after release

employment skills

stigma

the current focus is ..

risk prediction ideology

risk determines

how reintegration will be framed and organized

risk prediction ideology allows for an

individualized approach

problems of risk prediction (2)

ignores cultural/gender differences

individualization of responsibility

canadas correctional systems (3)

youth

adult provincial/territorial

adult federal

youth institutions are operated by

provinces/territories

... run remand centres

provinces

remand centres: people (2)

denied bail

awaiting sentencing

the overuse of demand is due to (2)

conditions

public confidence

provincial institutions are characterized by

high turn over rates

t/f: all federal female institutions are multi level

true

federal institutions:

- 4 m's

- a

- s

- r

min, med, max, multi level

aboriginal healing lodges

SHU

regional treatment centres

most offenders are in a ... institution

medium

aboriginal healing centres are run by

federal govt or contract

aboriginal healing lodges security

typically minimum

aboriginal healing lodges are only available to ... and typically have to be ...

federal offenders

minimum risk

special handling unit

where the most dangerous offenders end up

the goal of SHU is that it is ..., and inmates will ...

transitional

transition back to a regular max facility

regional treatment centres

for those dealing with psych issues

security classification is based on

e

r

l

escape risk

risk to public safety in the event of escape

level of supervision required within the institution

inmates are assessed and their classification can change, the goal is that

peoples classification will move down

the assessment of offenders involves the use of (3)

psychological

personality

behavior

risk need responsivity model: risk

risk to reoffend can be predicted and reduced

how is risk to reoffend reduced

level of service matches the level of risk of the person

contagion event

low risk offender adopts behaviours of high risk when treated the same

static risks

cannot be changed

static risk examples

criminal history, age at first arrest

dynamic risks examples

education level, employment, addiction

needs

services must address the criminogenic needs of an offender

services must be those that are

directly related to an offenders criminal behaviour

responsivity

treatment and services must be individualized

treatment must be delivered in ways

appropriate to individuals

overall, .... strategies have been found to be more effective than other approaches

cognitive behavioural

cognitive behaviour strategies

if you change the way people think, this hopefully changes how they act

correctional programming offered by CSC: educational

for offenders to take courses to obtain a diploma or post secondary

correctional programming offered by CSC: vocational example

CORCAN

corcan

provides job training and skills development

problem with corcan

inmates paid very little

correctional programming offered by CSC: animal assisted therapy programs

good for people w trauma and addictions

total institutions

erving goffman

problems with prisons: expected to pursue conflicting goals

expected to punish

expected to prepare people for release

split personalities of prisons

conflicting goals of prisons

problems w prisons: prisons are ... institutions

public/political

prisons are public/political institutions - governments exercise considerable control over (3)

operation

goals

resources

t/f: the overcrowding of prisons has plagued them since the beginning

true

overcrowding can lead to

violence

overcrowding - prison programs

not available to everyone

changing offender profile (2)

more being classified as max security

aging population

inmates are subject to ... and experience the ...

status degradation ceremonies

pains of imprisonment

status degradation ceremonies

psychological and material stripping of individuals

because of the pains of imprisonment, inmates develop

self deprivation

more recent research reveals that inmates struggle with

stigma and shame

stigma and shame are not conducive to ... and make it more difficult to ...

proper rehabilitation

reintegrate

prison experience results in

maladaptive coping strategies

life expectancy of inmates is

60

concerns with ... have resulted in charter challenges and legislation changes

segregation

before the changes, inmates could be subject to two types of segregation

administrative

disciplinary

administrative segregation

for safety of inmate themselves

disciplinary segregation

direct consequence of inmates behaviour

structured intervention units

designed to house inmates separately

siu's are intended to replace

administrative segregation

within siu's inmates should get

4 hours out of cell

2 hours of meaningful interaction

concerns of siu's

most inmates that end up there are mentally ill, suicidal, or on palliative care