Matter and Change

chemistry

chemistry

the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes

chemical

any substance that has a definite composition

atom

the smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element

element

a pure substance made of only one kind of atom

mass

a measure of the amount of matter

matter

anything that has mass and takes up space

compound

a substance that is made from the atoms of two or more elements that are chemically bonded

physical property

a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance

change of state

a physical change of a substance from one state to another

chemical property

the ability of a substance to undergo a change that transforms it into a different substance

gas

the state of matter in which a substance has neither definite volume nor definite shape

liquid

the state of matter in which the substance has a definite volume but an indefinite shape

physical change

a change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance

plasma

a high-temperature physical state of matter in which atoms lose their electrons

solid

the state of matter in which the substance has definite volume and definite shape

chemical change

a change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances

chemical reaction

a reaction in which one or more substances are converted into different substances

product

a substance that is formed by a chemical change

reactant

a substance that reacts in a chemical change

mixture

a blend of two or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own identity and properties

heterogeneous

not having a uniform composition throughout

homogeneous

having a uniform composition throughout

pure substance

a substance that has a fixed composition and differs from a mixture in that every sample of a given pure substance has exactly the same characteristic properties and composition

family

a vertical column of the periodic table

group

a vertical column of the periodic table

period

a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table

metal

an element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity

nonmetal

an element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity

metalloid

an element that has some characteristics of metals and some characteristics of nonmetals