American Pageant Ch 22 Question Review By Luke Dugoni ft. Justin Anderson (Edited by Ashton Wong)

What was a popular Northern song during the war?

Hang Jeff Davis to a Sour Apple Tree

How long would Jefferson Davis be imprisoned?

What along with him would be released?

two years

fellow "conspirators"

When were all rebel leaders pardoned and by who?

Christmas time 1868

President Johnson

What were the economic effects of the war in the South?

Banks, businesses, factories were shut down

Transportation system was completely ruined

Where were five different railroads line converged on before the war?

How far away was the nearest connected track?

Columbia, South Carolina

29 miles

What was the economic lifeblood of the South?

Agriculture

When did cotton production return to same production level as in 1860?

1870

How much was the planter aristocrats slavery investment worth? What evaporated this value?

2 billion

The Emancipation Proclamation

Who would refuse to pray for Johnson even though he needed divine guidance?

Southern Bishop

How many times did one North Carolina slave celebrate his freedom?

12 times

What would newly emancipated slaves join Union troops in?

How did one Virginia slave group react when freed?

pillaging masters' possessions

whipped owner with 20 lashes- dose of his own favorite medicine

What did some slaves do when they were freed?

changed name, demanded to me called Mr or Mrs by former owners, abandoned cotton clothings, sought out silk, satins and other finery

What did many newly freed men and women formalize?

slave marriages

From 1878 to 1880, how many freed slaves moved to Kansas? Where did a majority move from? What were they called?

25,000

Louisiana, Texas, and Mississippi

Exodusters

What became the focus of the black community life in the years following emancipation?

The church

How many members did the black Baptist Church gain from 1850 to 1870?

350,000

150,000 to 500,000 members

What happened to the size of the African Methodist Episcopal Church?

Quadrupled

100,000 to 400,000 members

What did one North Carolinian claim would be the first proof of black independence?

Schoolhouse (education)

With the lack of black teachers, who were sent to teach the black population? By who were they sent?

Northern white women

American Missionary Association

What was created to solve the problem of lack of experience and skills of freed blacks? When was it created?

Freedmen's Bureau

March 3, 1865

What was the Freedmen's Bureau intended to be? Who headed the Freedmen's Bureau? What did he later found and what did he serve as?

Primitive Welfare Agency

General Oliver O. Howard

Howard University

President of the university

How many blacks were taught to read by the bureau?

200,000

In one elementary class in North Carolina, how many generations of the same family would they sit and teach? What was the age range of the family?

four

6 to 75 years old

How many acres of land was the bureau authorized to settle former slaves?

Where was the land confiscated from?

40 acres

Confederates

What was the biggest failure of bureau?

Who would repeatedly try to kill the bureau?

When would it expire?

Failed to give blacks land

President Andrew Johnson

1872

What group was the biggest opposition to the bureau? What political figure shared this group's opinion?

White supremacists

President Andrew Johnson- tried to kill the bureau multiple times- expired in 1872

Where was Andrew Johnson from?

What color was his hair?

Tennessee

Black

Who was Andrew Johnson born to and where? What was President Johnson at the age of 10? Who taught him how to write and do simple math?

impoverished parents in North Carolina

Tailor's apprentice

his wife

Where did Johnson first show political interest? How old was he when he moved there? What political occupation would he later hold in this state?

Tennessee

17

Congressman

What was Andrew Johnson appointed after Tennessee was partially redeemed?

war governor

What group supported Johnson?

War Democrats

What was Johnson afflicted with at the vice-presidential inaugural ceremonies? What was he urged by his friends to take leading to unfortunate results?

Typhoid fever

whiskey

What was Johnson a dogmatic champion of?

States Rights and the Constitution

What was Johnson buried with? What'd it acted as?

The Constitution

A pillow

What required 10% of a state's total voters to take an oath of allegiance to the United States and pledged to abide by emancipation to be reintegrated into the Union? Who proclaimed it?

"10 percent" Reconstruction plan

Lincoln

What required that 50% of voters must take the oath of allegiance? When was it rammed through Congress?

Wade-Davis Bill

1864

What state did Republicans refuse to seat delegates from as they went in accordance with Lincoln's 10 percent plan instead of the Wade-Davis Bill?

Louisiana

What did many in Congress believe the confederate states should be readmitted as? What did they claim the South did when seceded from the Union?

"Conquered provinces"

"Commited suicide"- forfeited all rights

What was a nickname for Andrew Johnson used by radicals?

"Old Andy" Johnson

When did Johnson issue his own Reconstruction Proclamation?

Who especially of leading Confederates did the Reconstruction Proclamation disfranchise?

May 29, 1865

those with more than $20,000 taxable property

What laws were designed to regulate the affairs of the emancipated blacks? Where and when were the first ones passed?

Black Codes

Mississippi, November 1865

What state enforced the Black Codes the harshest? Most lenient?

Mississippi

Georgia

How long would blacks labor contracts commit them to work for the same employer for? Who could drag violators of labor contracts back to work?

a year

A Negro-catcher

What did all the Black Codes in all states forbid black do?

What did the states with harsher Black Codes bar?

serve on Jury;

renting or leasing land

Who were Southerners electing to represent them in the Capitol? What positions did they hold in the confederacy? Who held the highest rank out of all? What were they called?

Former Confederate leaders

Four generals, five colonels, and various members of the Richmond cabinet of the Confederacy

Alexander Stephens; ex-vice president of Confederacy

"Whitewashed rebels"

What acts were able to be passed with ease while the south was out of the Union from 1861 to 1865?

Morrill Tariff, Pacific Railroad Act, and the Homestead Act

On what date did Republican members of Congress shut the door in the face of newly elected Southern delegations?

December 4, 1865

Before the Civil War, how much of a person were slaves represented as in the population? How many votes did the South gain after the war from population increase?

3/5

12 votes

When did President Johnson announce the Union was restored?

December 6, 1865

What conferred on blacks the privileges of American citizenship and struck at the Black Codes? When was it passed?

Civil Rights Bill

March 1866

What nicknames were Johnson given after his veto of the Civil Rights Bill? What did one critic call Johnson?

"Sir Veto" and "Andy Veto"

The dead dog of the white house

What did lawmakers undertake and rivet the principles of the Civil Rights Bill into the Constitution as? When was it approved by Congress and sent to the states? When was it ratified?

The Fourteenth Amendment

June 1866

1868

What did the Fourteenth Amendment do?

1. conferred civil rights, including citizenship

2. reduced proportionality of the representation of a state in Congress

3. disqualified from federal and state office former Confederates who had sworn "to support the Constitution of the United States" (specifically those who served in Civil War)

4. Guaranteed federal debt, while repudiating all Confederate debts

What were the eleven states that seceded called? What state would it exclude later?

"sinful eleven"

Tennessee

What was the root of controversy between Congress and Johnson?

Black Codes

Who did Johnson honor with a monument in Chicago?

Stephen A. Douglas

What was Johnson's speaking tour called? What kind of speeches did he give?

Swing 'round the circle

Give 'em hell speeches

What did cry did Johnson's inept speaking heighten?

"Stand by Congress" against the "Tailor of the Potomac"

Who led the radicals in the Senate?

Charles Sumner

Who was the most powerful radical in the House? How old was he in 1866? What did he have covering his bald spot?

Thaddeus Stevens

74

black wig

What was Stevens a leading figure on?

Joint (House-Senate) Committee on Reconstruction

What divided the South into several military districts?

How many districts? When was it passed? What would each district be commanded by? How many blue-clad soldiers would police the districts?

Reconstruction Act

5

March 2, 1867

Union General

20,000

What provided constitutional protection for the suffrage provisions? When was it passed? When was it ratified by the required number of states?

Fifteenth Amendment

1869

1870

What case ruled that military tributes could not try civilians, even during wartime, in areas where the civil courts were open?

Ex Parte Milligan (1866)

What was a nickname for Union soldiers? What were the usually called?

Bluebellies

"radical" regimes

When federal troops finally left a state, its government was passed back into the hands of who? What were they also known as? When did the last federal muskets leave the South?

Redeemers

"Home Rule" regimes

1877

What were the three amendments passed during this chapter called?

Reconstruction-era Amendments

Who were the feminist leaders who fought for women's rights but suspended their own demands and worked for the cause of black emancipation?

Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony

What group gathered many signatures asking Congress to pass an amendment prohibiting slavery? How many?

Woman's Loyal League

400,000

What did Frederick Douglass call this time period?

the Negro's hour

When the Fifteenth amendment was proposed it would prohibit denial of the vote on the basis of "race, color, or previous condition of servitude". What did Stanton and Anthony want added to the list?

sex

How long did it take for women to receive the right to vote after the fifteenth amendment was passed?

50 years (1920)

Who was a prominent suffragist and abolitionist that outraged over the proposed exclusion of women from the 14th Amendment?

Susan B. Anthony

What was considered the heart of the Republican program for reconstruction?

14th Amendment

What would be the Southern blacks primary vehicle as they had gained their right to suffrage? What was it originally? Who were they assisted by and what did they turn the league into a network of?

Union League

pro-Union organization based in the North

Northern blacks; political clubs that educated members in their civic duties and campaigned for Republican candidates

The Union league's mission expanded to include

building black churches and schools, representing black grievances before local employers and government, and recruiting militias to protect black communities from white retaliation

How many black Congressmen served in Washington D.C. between 1868 and 1876? How many black senators would serve in Washington D.C.? Who were the two black senators?

14;

2;

Hiram Revels and Blanche Bruce (from Mississippi)

What did bitter southerners call former Unionists and Whigs?

What did bitter southerners call sleazy Northerners who traveled to the South seeking personal power and profit?

scalawags

carpetbaggers

What were two states with "radical" governments?

South Carolina and Louisiana

One carpetbag governor in a single year "saved" $_____________ from a salary of $______________

100,000; 8,000

Where were scams and felonies apparent in the North?

Boss Tweed's New York

What was the most notorious secret organization that resented alleged "corruption"? What was it it also called? Where was it founded? What were many of them?

Ku Klax Klan

The Invisible Empire of the South

Tennessee

Besheeted nightriders

What did one thirsty horseman declare about the last time he had drunk water?

first water he tasted since killed at Battle of Shiloh

In one Louisiana parish in 1868, how many whites were killed in two days by the Ku Klux Klan?

200

25 bodies found half-buried in woods

In response to nightriders in the KKK, What acts would congress pass?

Force Acts of 1870 and 1871

What did many of the outlawed groups (KKK) continue their tactics in the guise of?

dancing clubs, missionary societies, and rifle clubs

What was President known as by radicals?

What did they falsely accuse him of?

drunken tailor

maintaining there a harem of "dissolute women_

What is the new law that required the president to secure the consent of the Senate before he could remove his appointees once they had been approved by that body? What was one purpose of this act?

Tenure of Office Act

freeze into the cabinet the secretary of war, Edwin Stanton

What was Edwin Stanton secretly serving as?

a spy and informal for radicals

What was the vote in the House of Representatives to impeach Johnson?

What would they impeach him for?

126 to 47

"high crimes and misdemeanors"

How many tickets were printed in the prosecution of Jackson that would prove to be the largest show of 1868?

1000

How many years later would the arguments of whether the Tenure of Office Act was constitutional indirectly in favor of Johnson?

58 years

Who were the House prosecutors in the Johnson impeachment trial?

Benjamin F. Butler and Thaddeus Stevens

What was the first day of the first voting in senate against Johnson? How many resistant Republican senators voted "not guilty" to not impeach Johnson? How many votes did they win by?

May 16, 1868

seven

one

Who would have been President Johnson's successor if he was impeached? What was he at the time?

Benjamin Wade

president pro tempore (for the time being) of the Senate

What did prosecutor Thaddeus Stevens call out after the verdict was given that Johnson wasn't going to be removed?

The Country is going to the Devil!

What did Johnson's administration achieved its most enduring success in?

foreign relations

Why did Russia want to sell Alaska specifically to the United States? Who was the secretary of state that secured Alaska from Russia?

wanted to strengthen them as a barrier against Britain

William Seward

How much was Alaska transferred to the United States for? What was Alaska purchase known as?

7.2 million

Seward's Folly (aka "Seward's Icebox", "Frigidia", "Walrussia"

What was the nickname for Alaska?

Seward's Polar Bear Garden