Molecular Biology of the Cell - Energy Generation in Mitochondria

These flashcards cover key concepts related to ATP production in mitochondria, including components of the electron transport chain, chemiosmotic coupling, and energy flow.

What is the main function of the mitochondria in cellular respiration?

Energy generation through ATP production via chemiosmotic coupling.

What pH level is associated with the mitochondria's environment?

pH 7.9.

What are the primary electron carriers involved in energy production in mitochondria?

NADH and FADH2.

What is the role of ATP synthase in the mitochondria?

ATP synthase produces ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi) using the proton motive force.

What drives the chemiosmotic coupling in mitochondria?

The electron transport chain and redox-driven proton pumps.

What is the result of oxidation of one NADH in terms of ATP production?

Approximately 2.5 ATP molecules.

What happens during the transfer of high-energy electrons to oxygen?

Protons from water are pumped across the mitochondrial membrane, creating a proton gradient.

What is the significance of dinitrophenol (DNP) in the context of ATP production?

DNP allows protons to diffuse freely across the inner mitochondrial membrane, decreasing ATP production.

How does the proton-motive force (PMF) contribute to ATP synthesis?

PMF drives protons back into the mitochondrial matrix, powering ATP synthesis.

Which processes produce FADH2 during cellular respiration?

Fatty acid oxidation and the citric acid cycle.

What are the total ATP yields from glucose oxidation, including glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation?

A total of approximately 30 ATP per molecule of glucose.