World war 2

Imperialism

The want to take and maintain territory and resources.

Treaty of Versailles

Treaty that made Germany lose territory, give up colonies, and basically restricted them.

US President Woodrow Wilson’s concept of “Self Determination” in his 14 Points

People have the right to determine their own faith and leadership.

Six Principles of Democracy

• Free press

• Freedom of religion

• Equality before the law

• Free expression

• Free and fair elections

• Rule of law

Militarism

Standing armies that are industrial

Totalitarianism

The state exerts power over all aspects of society.

Fascism

Mass political movement that emphasizes extreme nationalism, militarism, and the supremacy of the nation over the individual.

Holocaust

Persucuationan and murder of Jews by the Nazi Germany regime.

1933-1945

Genocide

International destruction of people due to racial, ethnically, or religious identity.

Antisemitism

Hatred against Jews because of their religious beliefs or their group membership(ethnicity).

Judeo-Bolshevism

Communism was created by the Jews and was a Jewish plot.

Appeasement 

A policy of making a compromise to an aggressive nation(Germany) in the hope of avoiding war or conflict.

Paramilitary 

Military-style groups that were not officially part of a country's armed forces.

 SS (Schutzstaffel)

Hitler’s elite men who could prove their pure “Aryan” German heritage/ paramilitary.

Einsatzgruppen

Nazi security forces that acted as mobile killing units during the German invasion of the Soviet Union.

Ghetto

Segregated place in the city

Concentration camp

A place where large numbers of people, especially political prisoners or members of persecuted minorities, are deliberately imprisoned in a relatively small area with inadequate facilities, sometimes to provide forced labor or to await mass execution.

Death camp

A prison camp in which many die from poor conditions and treatment or from mass execution.

Adolf Hitler

Was an Austrian-born German politician who was the dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 until his suicide in 1945. He rose to power as the leader of the Nazi Party, becoming the chancellor in 1933 and then taking the title of leader of Germany in 1934.

Benito Mussolini

The Italian prime minister from 1922-1943, started the wide spread of fascism.

Emperor Hirohito (Japan) 

Hirohito oversaw Japan's expansionist policies, the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II, and eventually, the Japanese surrender.

China

Sides with the Allies after the 1931 invasion of Manchuria.

Poland and Czechoslovakia

Will also be Allied “in exile” as their countries were occupied by the Nazis with the Allied powers.

Allied powers

1. France

2. Britain

3. USSR (1941)

4. USA (1941)

5. China

6. Poland and Czechoslovakia

How did Hitler become chancellor within this government structure?

The president, Hindenburg made him chancellor, as the president picks who becomes chancellor. 

Why was Hitler helped into power?

Hindenburg needed Hitlers and the Nazi party's fame, and wanted Hitler to fail to save the economy so he could swoop in and seem like the “good guy” and wanted to control Hitler. 

Hyperinflation

An extreme form of inflation where prices for goods and services rise uncontrollably and very rapidly, allowing Hitler to gain his foot in the door. 

Reichstag Fire

Occurred on February 27, 1933, was an arson attack on the German parliament building in Berlin, Nazis blamed it on communists.

Kōdōha

Race, Land, and Conquest by Japan/ the imperial way. 

Lebensraum

Race, Land, and Conquest by Germany/ living space for Germans.  

Spazio Vitale

Race, Land, and Conquest by Italy/ living space for Italians.  

Anschluss (1938)

Annexation of Austria 

Annexation of the Sudetenland and the invasion of Czechoslovakia (Appeasement) (1938)

The Sudetenland annexation occurred after the Munich Agreement, where Germany, Britain, France, and Italy agreed to allow Germany to annex the Sudetenland, a region of Czechoslovakia with a large ethnic German population.  and then Germany invaded and annexed the rest of Czechoslovakia.

Invasion of Manchuria (1931)

The Japanese Kwantung Army seizing control of the Chinese province of Manchuria. Major step in Japan's expansion over Asia. 

Bombing of Pearl Harbor (1941)

The Japanese Imperial Navy launched a surprise attack on the United States Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, drawing the United States into World War II.

One example of an anti-Jewish law from 1933-1938

Jews were taken out of government service jobs.

One example for each stage of genocide except the “denial” stage.

• Classification/symbolization:  Jews needed to have their passports stamped with the letter J so people in Germany and other countries would know they are Jewish. 

• Dehumanization: propaganda, showing Jews as rats or have big noses and are criminals. 

• Organization: SS and Einstzgruppen are 2 groups established as special units/ paramilitaries essentially killing units. 

• Polarization: Destroying Jewish Shops; Kristallnacht or “Night of Broken glass”. 

• Preparation: German authorities forcing identified Jews into ghettos. 

• Extermination: Death camps built in Poland. 

Purpose of concentration and death camps (Examples: Dachau is the first concentration camp built in 1933, Auschwitz was the largest concentration camp and was also one of the death camps built in Poland.)

To kill and use jews as slaves and to make sure they aren’t near the public. 

How many Jews are estimated to have been killed during the Holocaust?

Around 6 million

What other groups of vulnerable peoples were also targeted by the Nazis? Why?

Slavs, black, and Romans were labeled as racially inferior as they weren’t Aryan or “german people” and people with physical disabilities were deemed unworthy of life even getting doctors and scientists to prove their accusation right. 

How did social darwinism contribute to WWII?

Germans thought they were better so they decided to get rid of anyone who wasn’t German,making the earth “clean”. 

What were Japan’s justifications for invading its neighbors like Korea? 

They said that since they were Asian they were bringing their Asian brother to the same level as them. 

How were Nazi Germany’s actions before and during the war an example of the desire for lebensraum? 

• They got rid of anyone who they didn’t deem as German, conquering their land and race so it's only them. 

• They conquered land such as Austria and Czechoslovakia and got rid of anyone they didn’t think of as worthy to live there. 

How could Wilson’s concept of “self-determination” be used by Hitler as a justification for war? 

The treaty of Versailles limited Germany so Hitler was saying that it denied them their freedom to self determination. 

How does fascism present itself publicly

I would say that it takes away people's rights such as speech, press, religion, etc really limiting people. 

How did the persecution of Jewish people in Europe change over time? How did it evolve into genocide? 

Through Hitlers power and his strong sense of antisemitisim he allowed for rasicim towards the Jews and fuelling hate towards them eventually leading to genocide. He did this through propaganda.