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iterative design
when problems are found in user testing, fix them and carry out more tests
user centred design
A design process that pays particular attention to the needs of potential users of a product by involving them in all stages of the design process.
electronic systems
systems aided by computing devices
microcontrollers
Special-purpose microprocessors that are built into the device they control.
Marcel Breuer
Wassily Chair, inspired by bicycle handles
Louis Comfort Tiffany
art nouveau, known for his famous lamp design
Alessi
Italian design company, produces everyday houseware
apple
electronic company
Ecological issues
factors that affect the physical environment and ecological systems that may not have direct health effects; deforestation, mining & oil spills
The 6 R's
designers evaluate the impact of their products on the environment; Reduce, Rethink, Refuse, Recycle, Reuse & Repair
Fair Trade
it helps people in developing countries to get a fair deal for the products that they produce
Market Research
designers must check to see if there is a gap in the market for their products
Primary Data
Raw data taken first hand from original research
Secondary Data
data previously collected for any purpose other than the one at hand
Ergonomics
human factors; how people interact with the products
Anthropometrics
the study of the human factors and how it moves
design brief
it gives a short description of the problem that is to be solved
ACCSESS FM
it is a tool that can be used to help designers to write a design specification
developing a design
iterative design, sketching, modelling & breadboarding (a method of prototyping electronic circuits)
Working Drawings
known as orthographic drawings, showing the side, front and plan (top view)
Schematic Drawings
it shows a drawing of a circuit, and its system
mathematical modelling
it simulates real life situations, it calculates values to see how strong it can withstand
Prototypes
they ensure that problems with the design re found and dealt with early on
renewable energy
A resource that can be replaced when needed.
storing energy
energy can be stored using batteries and kinetic pumped storage systems, converting chemical energy into electrical energy
rotating motion
one singular motion in a circle
linear motion
one singular motion in a straight line in one direction
reciprocating motion
a motion of moving backwards and forwards
oscillating motion
a motion of swinging back and forth
levers
a form of a machine, they change the amount of effort or force required to move a load, they create a mechanical advantage making everything easier
first order lever
an example is scissors
second order lever
an example is a nutcracker
third order lever
an example is a tweezer
linkages
are used to transfer motion between two positions
cams
they are used to convert rotary motion into reciprocating motion
gears
they change the speed or motion they transfer, which is proportional to the sizes of the two gears
pulleys
they transfer rotary motion
strength
the ability to withstand a force
Elasticity
the ability of a material to return to its original shape when a force is removed
Ductility
the amount that a material can be stretched or deformed when a force is applied
malleability
the ability of a solid to be hammered without shattering
hardness
ability to resist scratching
toughness
the ability of a material to resist fracture
hardwoods
deciduous trees, take a long time to grow
softwoods
coniferous trees, fast growing
manufactured boards
they offer consistent properties
making metals
metal is extracted from ores
ferrous metals
they contain iron
alloys
they have improved properties as they are combined metals
polymers
chains of monomers, they are commonly synthetic and manufactured from oil from craking
thermosetting polymers
Cannot be remoulded as have strong cross links between chains.
thermoforming polymers
polymers that can be softened by heating, shaped and set over and over again
metal foams
metal with gas foams, lightweight but strong. used in crumple zone
graphene
This is a single layer of graphite.
They have interlocking hexagonal rings of carbon, one atom thick, so therefore very thin.
Excellent electrical conductivity, and is used in electronics and computer chips.
Nanomaterials
self cleaning properties
photochromic materials
Materials that change colour in response to changes in light levels.
composites
the combination of two or more materials
technical textiles
textiles used in applications other than apparel and interiors
finishing materials
they improve the aesthetics durability and resistance to damage
selecting materials
functionality, aesthetics & sustainablity
enhancing a materials properties
reinforcement via webbing, and interfacing (extra layers of materials)
one-off production
one product is made at one given time (expensive)
batch production
a group of identical products made together (set up is expensive)
mass production
large quantities of identical products (low price)
continuous production
constant manufacture (set up is expensive)
polymer manufacturing processes
3d printing, line bending, moulding, vacuum forming, injection moulding, extrusion &blow moulding
Jigs, Templates & patterns
custom made tool designed to achieve accuracy
