Small Ruminants

Term for adult female sheep

Ewe

Term for adult female goat

doe/nanny

Term for adult male sheep

ram

Term for adult male goat

Buck/billy

Term for castrated male sheep/goat

wether

Term for neonate sheep

Lamb

Term for neonate goat

kid

Act of parturition-sheep

lambing

Act of parturition- goat

kidding

Behavior- Sheep exhibit strong ____ instinct

herding

Sheep can be restrained by circling the neck in one arm and placing the other around the rump like with a _____

dog

___________ is a type of restraint used when shearing, vx’ing, or working on the hooves of sheep

Setting up

Rumping is to be used on what animal?

Sheep

Sheep- estrous frequency

~ every 17 days

Sheep are short-day season breeders. When do they breed

fall/winter

Sheep- gestation period

~148 days

Sheep - litter size

1-3

Sheep- weaning age

9-12 weeks

Goats are more __________ compared to sheep - behavior

independent

Goats can be led easier if the leader is identified and led. T/F

True

Goat- You must not grab a goat by its beard. T/F

False

Sheep- grabbing sheep by their wool is acceptable. T/F

False

Goats- acceptable methods of restraint

recumbency by flanking

Straddle and squeeze the shoulders

Goats- Breeding: estrous frequency

~ every 22 days

Goats- gestation period

~153 days

Goats- weaning age

3months

Sheep: TPR

T:101-104F
P: 70-90bpm

R: 12-25bpm

Goats: TPR

T:101-104F

P:70-90/min

R: 12-30bpm

Small ruminants- rumen contractions & eructation

1-2/min

10/hr

Famacha scale

use to determine worm burden, typically of the barber pole worm in small ruminants. check the mucosa of the eyelids- anemia.

What should be done to avoid tracheal aspiration during oral med administration

Tip of the nose should be LOWER than the poll.

What method is preferred for disbudding

heat cautery

When should small ruminants be disbudded

less than 2 weeks of age

If a small ruminant is older than 3 weeks, it should be disbudded with sedation and/or anesthesia. T/F

True

A Barnes dehorner is the preferred method of disbudding due to the depth of the frontal sinus- small ruminants. T/F

False

What prophylactic vx should be given when disbudding/castrating

Tetanus

What is the goal of disbudding

kill the horn corium

what are the two sources of buck odor- small ruminant

intact bucks urinate on themselves

primary scent glands at the caudomedial base of each horn

Tail docking for lambs can be done how:

emasculator

heat cautery

scalpel

elastrator

Why are lamb tails docked?

reduce the fecal buildup that attracts flies( fly strike)

If a tail is docked too short it can cause?

Rectal prolapse

What birth complication is common in sheep, but uncommon in goats

dystocia

What method of birth is preferable for small ruminants

c-section

______prolapse is common in ewes and cows, uncommon in does

vaginal

Urolithiasis is commonly seen in - small ruminants

rams, bucks, wethers

Common vx for the small ruminant include

Clostridium perfringens

c. tetani

Pasteurella multicoda

Caseous lymphadenitis affects (what group of animals) and causes (key s/s)

small ruminants; lymph node abscesses

Caseous lymphadenitis is a contagious disease, what is the recommended treatment

culling

not very responsive to meds and there is no vaccine

Contagious Ecthyma (sore mouth) is the viral infection with what vaccination method

scratch “x” into the skin and brush live vaccine into it