A&P Ultimate May 22/23 Test review (IHS by A.R.T.+ Riga)

ALL Doctor Bob Tests in one set of flashcards :)

Chapters 1+2

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Ability of an organism to detect changes in environment

Responsiveness

Absorbed nutrients are converted into forms useful to organism

assimilation

Passage of digested material through membranes

Absorption

The Process of removing waste

excretion

The major transporting substance in living tissue

water

Term for stable cell environment

Homeostasis

Process of breathing in oxygen

respiration

Auscultation is when

a doctor listens to the heart

Main energy component of cell

ATP

Steroids are

carbohydrates

T/F magnesium is component of bone

T

Osteoporosis Occurs

at weak bones

T/F Protein can be denatured by radiation

T

T/F Enzymes are a type of protein

T

T/F Lipids can store energy more efficiently than carbs

T

Sodium…Potassium…These are used by the body as

inorganic salts

Organism needs ____ To release energy

Oxygen

Cellular waste is removed via

exocytosis

Protein must be ____ to be transported from cell

Condensed

Potassium ions are needed for

the polarization of cell membranes

Thylakoid and adrenal glands belong to what system

Endocrine

Sweat coming out of the body is a feature of what system

exocrine

Intestines and gallbladder are part of what system

digestive

Muscle Tissue is made up of

proteins

Amino Acids are

Acid and amino group

Proteins are constructed via units of

amino acids

Protein bond refereed to as

peptide/polypeptide

Structure of protein=

folded/pleated

Enzymes act on

specific substances via specific substrates

Enzymes do what for rxn

speed up

When calcium level rises ? releases ?. When calcium level falls, ? releases ?. This is an example of what

thyroid, calcitonin→lowers. Parathyroid, PTH→increases. Negative feedback

Chapter 3+4

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The cell membrane is

semi permeable

Solid proteins in cell membranes are known as

structural proteins

Blood’s primary purpose

main source of transportation

Stable cell environment

homeostasis

Main energy source across biological aspects

ATP

Steroids are what macromolecule

lipid(s)

Waste leaving via what

exocytosis

What is a glycoprotein

A protein channel

Folded proteins can be

transported

Cholesterol=

structural component of membrane

The diffusion of water

Osmosis

Nutrients are brought through the membrane via

endocytosis

Large proteins leave via

exocytosis

Facilitated diffusion involves

A protein channel

Diffusion moves molelcules

downhill

Anabolic

synthesis/build-up

catabolic

break down

hydrolase is an enzyme that

splits water molecule

Anabolic rxn that joins monomers to polymers A+B=AB+h2o

Dehydration synthesis

Enzymes act on specific

substrates

Cells burn glucose via

oxidation

Glycolysis is

breakdown of sugar

anaerobic

w/o oxygen

Enzymes are ? because they control the speed of rxns

rate limiters

The rate limiting enzyme is the ?

first one used in rxn

Genes are

the segment of the genome

Process of protein

replication

translation

synth of rna

transcription

synth of DNA

Chapter 5

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Hemocytoblasts are

stem cells for blood

osteocytes are

bone building cels

Bone that develops from cartillage

endocondryle

Shaft of long bones

diaphysis

RBC formed from

red bone marrow

inorganic salt forms in the

matrix of bones

The pareocium

provides contact bone w/ blood

The joints in the vertebral column

are slightly movable

T/F osteclasts cause breakdown in bone

F

T/F long bone grows in thickness and length

T

T/F Cartillage forms before bone

T

T/F cmpct bone reduces weight of long bone

F

T/F Band of cartillage is called epipheal disk

T

Bone marrow=

spongy

T/F The fibril cartilage is the intervertebral disk

T

T/F Joints allow skeleton to change shape as body ages

T

T/F Hinge joints are found in the hips

F

synarthrosis

immovable joint

amphiarthrois

slightly movable joint

endyarthrosis

freely movable join

Red Marrow=

spongy bone

Cmpct bone is able to

resist fracture

Concentric rings of matrix

osteon, lecuna, osteocytes

Vertebra is formed from

cartilage

Bone develops sheet like layer of

cncted tissue

Articular cartilage located

@ end of bone where joints form

Bony chambers are

lecunae

Spongy bone formed

endondryl and inter-membranous

T/F spongy bone reduces weight

T

T/F Periosteum is tough fibrous cover of long bone

T

T/F Tribicular bone is another term for spongy

T

Chapter 6

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Deficiency of filagrin can cause

atopic dermatitis

2 Or more types of tissue form

an organ

Hair and receptor glands make up the

integumentary system

Layers of skin

1-Epidermis, 1a. stratum corneum, 1b. stratum lucidum 1c stratum granulosom 1d stratum spinosum 1e stratum basale. 2-Dermis , 2a papillary layer and 2b reticular formation. 3-hypodermis or subcutaneous

Mineral important for tooth development

vit. D