Wk. 3 - RBC Disorders Practice Questions

A nurse is assessing a patient with mild anemia (Hgb 10-12 g/dL). Which of the following symptoms would the nurse expect? A) Severe fatigue B) Dyspnea at rest C) Jaundice D) Dyspnea on exertion

D

A patient with iron-deficiency anemia is prescribed ferrous sulfate. The nurse should instruct the patient to take the medication: A) With a glass of milk to reduce stomach upset B) On an empty stomach with orange juice C) With an antacid to prevent nausea D) Before bedtime with a high-calcium snack

B

A nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a patient with suspected megaloblastic anemia. Which of the following findings is most indicative of vitamin B12 deficiency? A) High MCV (macrocytic RBCs) B) Low MCV (microcytic RBCs) C) High serum iron and ferritin D) High reticulocyte count

A

A patient with sickle cell disease is experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize? A) Encourage physical activity B) Administer IV fluids and oxygen C) Restrict fluid intake D) Apply cold compresses to affected areas

B

A nurse is preparing a patient with aplastic anemia for a bone marrow biopsy. The patient asks why the procedure is necessary. What is the best response by the nurse? A) "It helps determine if your bone marrow is producing enough red blood cells." B) "This test will confirm whether you have iron-deficiency anemia." C) "A biopsy will help measure your oxygen levels." D) "It will assess how much iron is stored in your blood."

A

A nurse is providing education about foods high in iron. Which of the following should be included in the patient's diet? (Select all that apply) A) Red meat B) Leafy green vegetables C) Citrus fruits D) Fortified cereals E) Dairy products

A,B,D

Which of the following are clinical manifestations of severe anemia (Hgb <7 g/dL)? (Select all that apply) A) Pallor B) Dyspnea at rest C) Bradycardia D) Jaundice (in hemolytic anemia) E) Increased concentration ability

A,B,D

A patient with polycythemia vera is receiving discharge instructions. What interventions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply) A) Routine phlebotomy B) Increased fluid intake C) Low-dose aspirin D) Encourage a high-iron diet E) Smoking cessation

A,B,C,E

The nurse is caring for a patient with acute blood loss anemia following surgery. What immediate interventions should be implemented? (Select all that apply) A) Administer IV fluids B) Monitor vital signs frequently C) Encourage a high-protein diet D) Prepare for a possible blood transfusion E) Withhold pain medications

A,B,D

A nurse is providing discharge education to a patient with pernicious anemia. Which statements indicate a correct understanding of the condition? (Select all that apply) A) "I need to receive lifelong vitamin B12 injections." B) "I can take an oral B12 supplement instead of injections." C) "This condition is caused by an autoimmune disorder." D) "I should increase my dietary intake of iron to correct this anemia." E) "I may experience neurological symptoms if my B12 levels remain low."

A,C,E

True or False: A low serum iron level with a high ferritin level is characteristic of iron-deficiency anemia.

False

True or False: Patients with sickle cell disease should avoid high altitudes and dehydration to prevent crises.

True

True or False: Folic acid deficiency anemia and vitamin B12 deficiency anemia both cause neurological symptoms.

False

True or False: Anemia of chronic disease is caused by chronic infections, inflammatory disorders, or malignancies.

True

True or False: The best way to monitor response to iron therapy is by checking the reticulocyte count within a few days of starting treatment.

True

A patient presents with fatigue, pallor, glossitis, and spoon-shaped nails. Laboratory results indicate low serum iron, low ferritin, and high TIBC. What type of anemia does the patient likely have? A) Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia B) Iron-deficiency anemia C) Aplastic anemia D) Anemia of chronic disease

B

A nurse is monitoring a patient with hemochromatosis. What lab value would be elevated in this disorder? A) Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) B) Serum iron and ferritin C) Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) D) White blood cell count

B

A patient with anemia of chronic disease asks why their iron levels are low despite normal dietary intake. The nurse explains that: A) "Your body is producing more red blood cells than normal, which uses up iron stores." B) "Chronic illness causes iron to be trapped in storage sites, making it unavailable for RBC production." C) "Your body is not absorbing iron from the intestines effectively." D) "Your diet is likely lacking enough vitamin B12."

B

A patient with sickle cell anemia is experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis. What pain management interventions should the nurse provide? A) Administer NSAIDs as the first-line treatment B) Apply cold compresses to affected areas C) Provide opioid analgesics as prescribed D) Encourage ambulation to relieve pain

C

A nurse is teaching a patient with folic acid deficiency anemia about diet. Which of the following foods should the patient eat more of? A) Dairy products and eggs B) Leafy green vegetables and citrus fruits C) High-fat meats and processed foods D) Coffee and tea

B