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Chemistry 1.2 - 1.4
Chemistry 1.2 - 1.4
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29 Terms
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matter
anything that takes up space and has mass; solids, liquids, gases
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solid
has a fixed shape and volume (rigid)
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liquid
takes the shape of container and has fixed volume
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gas
expands to fill the container it’s in (no shape or volume)
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plasma
a gas state of matter that has a lot of electrically charged particles
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mass
a measure of how much matter is in an object
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weight
the force that gravity puts on an object
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law of conservation of matter
“there is no findable change in the amount of matter when it converts to another type of matter”
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pure substance
a single kind of matter that can’t be made into other kinds of matter; are elements and compounds
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elements
pure substances that can’t be broken down into simpler substances by chemical methods; has only one kind of atom
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compounds
pure substances that are made of two or more different kinds of atoms; can be broken down by chemical changes
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mixture
a combination of different pure substances that can exist in various quantities and can be separated through physical processes like evaporation
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heterogeneous mixture
a mixture with a structure that has many distinguishable visual parts
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homogeneous mixture
a uniform structure that stays the same throughout
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solution
a uniform structure that stays the same throughout
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chemistry
the science that deals with the materials of the universe and the changes the chemicals undergo
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macroscopic level
state you can see with bare eyes
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microscopic level
state where you can see the molecules’ structure
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atoms
the smallest particles of an element that have the properties of that element
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molecules
two or more atoms joined together by chemical bonds
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physical property
a characteristic of matter that isn’t connected to a change in its chemical composition
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physical change
a change in the state or properties of matter without having change in the chemical identities of the substances in the matter
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chemical property
the ability to change from one type of matter into another (or the inability to change)
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chemical change
makes one or more types of matter that are different form the matter at the start of the change
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extensive property
when the property depends on the amount of matter present (gallon has larger mass than cup of milk)
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intensive property
when the property of a sample of matter does not depend on the amount of matter present (if 2 things are 20 C, together it’s 20 C)
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metals
elements that can conduct (electricity) well (solid)
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nonmetals
elements that conduct (electricity) poorly (gas)
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metalloids
elements that have intermediate conductivities (liquid)