Natural Law and Ethical Theories

Flashcards covering key concepts and vocabulary related to Natural Law and various ethical theories discussed in the lecture.

Natural Moral Law

An ethical theory based on the idea that moral principles are derived from nature and can be understood through reason.

Primary Precepts

Fundamental principles revealed by God that guide moral behavior, including self-preservation, reproduction, education of children, social living, and worship of God.

Synderesis Rule

A basic understanding that humans innately strive to do good and avoid evil to find fulfillment and happiness.

Secondary Precepts

Rules derived from primary precepts that apply moral principles to specific situations.

Apparent Good

Actions that appear good but do not align with true moral goodness, often due to misunderstanding or misjudgment.

Divine Law

Moral laws believed to be prescribed by God, guiding human behavior according to divine will.

Telos

Purpose or end goal; in Natural Law, refers to the ultimate purpose of human life and actions.

Homosexuality

Sexual attraction and relationships between individuals of the same sex, viewed differently across ethical theories.

Categorical Imperative

Kant's fundamental principle of ethics, stating that one should only act according to that maxim which one can will to become a universal law.

Utilitarianism

An ethical theory that suggests the best action is the one that maximizes happiness and reduces suffering for the greatest number.

Situation Ethics

An ethical theory that prioritizes love and relational context over rigid legalistic moral rules.