1- HIGHWAY MATERIALS 2024

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30 Terms

1
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What was the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test used for?

To evaluate the mechanical strength of subgrade and base courses.

2
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What are the main types of road pavements mentioned?

Earth road, Graveled surface, Flexible pavement, Rigid pavement, Interlocking block pavement.

3
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What does HMA stand for in road paving materials?

Hot Mix Asphalt.

4
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According to the Malaysian road system, how many kilometers of federal roads are there?

20,039 km.

5
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What are the four pavement layers listed?

Wearing course, Binder course, Road base, Subbase.

6
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What influences the suitability of subgrade materials?

Soil type, compaction, moisture content, and CBR properties.

7
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What does the Plasticity Index (PI) measure in terms of subgrade materials?

It indicates the plasticity characteristics of the soil.

8
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What are the two types of bitumen mentioned?

Tar and Bitumen.

9
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What percentage of the pavement should the wearing course binder's bitumen range between?

3.5% to 5.5%.

10
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Which method is used to determine the proportion of fine dust in aggregates?

Sand Equivalent Test.

11
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What was John Macadam's contribution to road engineering?

Developed a surface course with specific grading for stones.

12
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What is the primary purpose of aggregate in road construction?

To carry traffic load and provide main interlocking structure.

13
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What is the difference between Coarse and Fine aggregates?

Coarse aggregates are larger than 2.36mm, while Fine aggregates range from 2.36mm to 75 microns.

14
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What type of road material is unsuitable for subgrade?

Silt, peat, logs, stumps, and toxic materials.

15
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What is the significance of the 'flakiness index' in aggregates?

It measures the shape and surface texture, affecting interlocking and resistance to sliding.

16
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What type of highway construction would benefit from Interlocking block pavement?

High volume, low speed roads.

17
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How does the presence of moisture affect asphalt binder performance?

It can lead to stripping and reduce adhesion between aggregate and binder.

18
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What is the key function of a baseline subgrade material in the pavement layers?

To provide consistent strength and stable support for the pavement structure.

19
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How is the mechanical strength of subgrade layers assessed?

Through the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test.

20
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What is the main component of hot mix asphalt (HMA)?

Bitumen, which binds the aggregates.

21
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Which test is done to measure the resistance of aggregates against wear?

Los Angeles Abrasion Value (LAAV) test.

22
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What is the impact of temperature changes on asphalt performance?

It can affect viscosity and susceptibility to fatigue cracking.

23
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What is a characteristic feature of rigid pavements?

They distribute loads through bending action over a large area.

24
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What qualities are essential for bitumen to perform optimally in asphalt mixtures?

High stiffness, good workability, and resistance to temperature variations.

25
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Why is it important to manage moisture content in subgrade materials?

Excess moisture can weaken the structural integrity and affect compaction.

26
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What factors affect aggregate durability in pavements?

Resistance to disintegration under weathering and impacts from traffic loads.

27
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What is the purpose of a surface dressing in road paving?

To provide a skid-resistant surface and improve riding quality.

28
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What should be the minimum California Bearing Ratio for subbase materials according to JKR specifications?

30%.

29
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What type of bitumen emulsion is typically compatible with siliceous aggregates?

Anionic emulsion.

30
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What does the grading system for bitumen correlate with?

The temperature ranges expected for the pavement.