English 1206 Study Guide for Exam – Spring 2025

Romeo and Juliet The following short stories: “The Most Dangerous Game,” “The Gift of the Magi,” “The Necklace,” “The Cask of Amontillado” and “The Scarlet Ibis.” 7 Men and the Secret of Their Greatness No Red Ink: Formatting Quotations: Recognizing Fragments in Dialogue Formatting Dialogue and Flow Quotes 1 Formatting Dialogue and Flow Quotes 2 Capitalizing Quotes Is There a Pause Before the Quote? Punctuating Quotations Within Quotations Transitions: Identifying the Relationship between Ideas Identifying the Functions of Transitions Evaluating the Use of Transition Words and Phrases Using Appropriate Transition Words and Phrases Building a Paragraph with Transitions Active and Passive Voice: All subtopics Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement All subtopics Singular and Plural Possessives: All subtopics Pronoun Case: All subtopics

Lord Capulet

• Juliet's father

• promises to make a statue of Romeo in gold

Lady Capulet

Lord Capulet's wife

Lord Montague

• Romeo's father

• promises to make a statue of Juliet in gold

Lady Montague

• Lord Montague's wife

• dies of grief from Romeo's exile

Friar Lawrence

• marries Romeo and Juliet

• makes the plan and gives Juliet the potion that ultimately leads to both their deaths

Benvolio

Romeo's cousin and friend

Balthasar

Romeo's servant who brings him news of Juliet's death

Tybalt

• Lord Capulet's nephew

• Juliet’s cousin

• killed by Romeo

Romeo

• Montague heir

• in love with Rosaline at the beginning of the play

• falls in love with Juliet at the Capulet's party

• commits suicide at the end of the play

Nurse

• Juliet's wet nurse

• her closest confidant

Paris

• related to the Prince

• in love with Juliet

• killed by Romeo in the graveyard

Juliet

• Capulet daughter

• almost marries Count Paris

• falls in love with Romeo

• commits suicide at the end of the play

Mercutio

• related to the Prince

• Romeo's best friend

• killed by Tybalt

Friar John

• commissioned to deliver the letter to Romeo

• was quarantined because he might have been exposed to the plague

Prince Escalus

• Prince of Verona

• sentences Romeo to exile

Rainsford

• protagonist

• hunter

• hunted by Zaroff

• learns how an animal feels to be hunted

• kills Zaroff at the end of the story

Whitney

• Rainsford's fellow hunter

• tells him about Ship-Trap Island

• thinks about how jaguars feel

Zaroff

• antagonist

• Cossack

• crazy

• hunts people on his island

• killed by Rainsford at the end of the story

Ivan

• Zaroff's servant

• deaf and dumb

• incredibly strong

• Cossack

• killed by Rainsford during the hunt

Della

• Jim's wife

• poor

• sells her prized possession- her hair, to buy a watch chain for Jim's prized possession- his watch

Jim

• Della's husband

• poor

• sells his prized possession- his watch, to buy combs for Della's prized possession- her hair

Madame Loisel

• protagonist

• beautiful

• unhappy woman who wished for more in her life

• borrowed jewels for a party and lost the necklace

• bought another one and took 10 years to pay it back, finds out the necklace was fake

Monsieur Loisel

• Madame Loisel's husband

• tries to make his wife happy

Madame Forestier

• lent Madame Loisel the necklace and tells her at the end that it was fake

Montresor

• killed Fortunato because he insulted him

• brought him to his cellar to look at fine wine, buried him alive behind a wall

Fortunato

• killed by Montresor

• wine connoisseur

• buried alive in Montresor's cellar

Doodle

• Brother's little brother

• has a disability

• Brother teaches him things

• buries the scarlet ibis

• dies of overexertion when trying to out run a storm

Brother

• Doodle's older brother

• teaches Doodle things

• leaves Doodle behind in the rain where he ultimately dies

George Washington

• general of the Continental Army in the Revolutionary War

• led America to freedom from the British

• 1st president of the United States

• voluntarily gave up incredible power and retired after 2 terms

• was willing to put the good of the country above his own personal gain

William Wilberforce

• lived in England when they were very spiritually dark and believed in Deism

• was sent to live with his aunt and uncle but brought back home because they were devoted Methodists

• became an influential figure in Parliament

• comes back to Christ with the help of Isaac Milner

• uses his talents in politics to bring glory to God by addressing the issues in England-- the abolition of the slave trade and reformation of manners

• had a strong support system of believers around him

• set a good example for those around him

Eric Liddell

• parents were missionaries in China

• a gifted runner who refused to compete in his best event in the Olympics because it was on a Sunday

• won gold in the 400-meter the next day and broke the world record

• decided to become a missionary to China

• dies in an internment camp of a brain tumor

Dietrich Bonhoeffer

• had a brilliant family

• decided to be a theologian at 13

• was influenced to change his view of Christianity in America and put his faith into action

• had the opportunity to go back to America when Hitler took power but stayed in Germany and was a spy in the German government (with the help of Hans von Dohnanyi)

• arrested and hung because of his involvement in the plot to kill Hitler

Jackie Robinson

• very gifted athletically

• tried to play professional football and be in the military but he was not welcomed because of his race

• Branch Rickey gave him the opportunity to desegregate MLB

• was persecuted against but did not fight back-- his faith gave him the strength to do so

Pope John Paul II

• 1st non Italian pope

• spent time with people and invested in their lives

• was passionate about abortion, sexuality, and ending communism

• took a stand against stem cell research even though it could benefit him

Charles “Chuck” Colson

• Richard Nixon's "hatchet man"

• became a new man in Christ and was convicted to plead guilty to a crime and willingly went to prison

• while there God showed him the need in prisons

• and when he got out he started Prison Fellowship Ministries, which brought Christian faith into prisons

Plot

the pattern of action in a story

Exposition

the beginning of the story in which we learn the background

Rising Action

when the problem is introduced and tension builds

Climax

the highest point/ turning point in the story

Falling Action

winding down of the story

Resolution

when the conflict is resolved

Point of view

perspective from which the story is told

First-person

narrator is part of the story; use “I” to tell the story

Third person

narrator is not part of the story; “he, she, they”

Omniscient narrator

knows thoughts and feeling of all the characters

Limited narrator

knows thoughts and feelings of a single character

Protagonist

the main character

Antagonist

the character or force that opposes the protagonist

Characterization

where the writer reveals the personality of a character

Direct characterization

where the author tells the reader what the character is like, his/her personality traits

Indirect characterization

reveals the personality of a character through his/her speech, thoughts, effects on others, actions or looks

Conflict

the struggle between two opposing forces

Internal conflict

a struggle within a character (person vs. self)

External conflict

a conflict with an outside character or force

Types of conflict

• person vs. self

• person vs. person

• person vs. nature

• etc

Setting

time and place in which the story takes place

Tone

the author’s attitude toward her/her subject matter (resides with the author)

Style

the way an author uses words, sentence arrangement, etc

Foreshadowing

giving hints or clues about events to come in a story

Theme

the main idea or message of the story; the statement the author is trying to make

Verbal Irony

when the character says one thing but means another

Dramatic Irony

occurs when the reader or audience knows something that a character in a story or play doesn’t know

Situational irony

when the outcome of a situation is different from what we would expect

Symbol

a person, place, object, or activity that stands for something beyond itself or larger than itself, such as a quality, an attitude, a belief, or a value