SAT Vocabulary Common English Roots (A-C)

A set of flashcards based on common English roots and their meanings as presented in the SAT vocabulary review.

A, AN

not, without

amoral, atrophy, asymmetrical, anarchy, anesthetic, anonymity, anomaly

AB, A

from, away, apart

abnormal, abdicate, aberration, abhor, abject, abjure, ablution, abnegate, abortive, abrogate, abscond, absolve, abstemious, abstruse, annul, avert, aversion

AC, ACR

sharp, sour

acid, acerbic, exacerbate, acute, acuity, acumen, acrid, acrimony

AD, A

to, toward

adhere, adjacent, adjunct, admonish, adroit, adumbrate, advent, abet, accede, accretion, acquiesce, affluent, aggrandize, aggregate, alleviate, alliteration, allude, allure, ascribe, aspersion, aspire, assail, assonance, attest

ALI, ALTR

another

alias, alienate, inalienable, altruism

AM, AMI

love

amorous, amicable, amiable, amity

AMBI, AMPHI

both

ambiguous, ambivalent, ambidextrous, amphibious

AMBL, AMBUL

walk

amble, ambulatory; perambulator, somnambulist

ANIM

mind, spirit, breath

animal, animosity, unanimous, magnanimous

ANN, ENN

year

annual, annuity, superannuated, biennial, perennial

ANTE, ANT

before

antecedent, antediluvian, antebellum, antepenultimate, anterior, antiquity, antiquated, anticipate

ANTHROP

human

anthropology, anthropomorphic, misanthrope, philanthropy

ANTI, ANT

against, opposite

antidote, antipathy, antithesis, antacid, antagonist, antonym

AUD

hear

audio, audience, audition, auditory, audible

AUTO

self

autobiography, autocrat, autonomous

BELLI, BELL

war

belligerent, bellicose, antebellum, rebellion

BENE, BEN

good

benevolent, benefactor, beneficent, benign

BI

two

bicycle, bisect, bilateral, bilingual, biped

BIBLIO

book

Bible, bibliography, bibliophile

BIO

life

biography, biology, amphibious, symbiotic, macrobiotics

BURS

money, purse

reimburse, disburse, bursar

CAD, CAS, CID

happen, fall

accident, cadence, cascade, deciduous

CAP, CIP

head

captain, decapitate, capitulate, precipitous, precipitate, recapitulate

CARN

flesh

carnal, carnage, carnival, carnivorous, incarnate

CAP, CAPT, CEPT, CIP

take, hold, seize

capable, capacious, captivate, deception, intercept, precept, inception, anticipate, emancipation, incipient, percipient

CEO, CESS

yield, go

cease, cessation, incessant, cede, precede, accede, recede, antecedent, intercede, secede, cession

CHROM

color

chrome, chromatic, monochrome

CHRON

time

chronology, chronic, anachronism

CIDE

murder

suicide, homicide, infanticide, regicide, patricide

CIRCUM

around

circumference, circumlocution, circumnavigate, circumscribe, circumspect, circumvent

CUN, CLIV

slope

incline, inclination, declivity, proclivity

CLUD, CLUS, CLAUS, CLOIS

shut, close

conclude, reclusive, claustrophobia, cloister, preclude, occlude

CO, COM, CON

with, together

coeducation, coagulate, coalesce, coerce, cogent, cognate, collateral, colloquial, colloquy, commensurate, commodious, compassion, compatriot, complacent, compliant, complicity, compunction, concerto, conciliatory, concord, concur, condone, conflagration, congeal, congenial, congenital, conglomerate, conjugal, conjure, conscientious, consecrate, consensus, consonant, constrained, contentious, contrite, contusion, convalescence, convene, convivial, convoke, convoluted, congress

COGN, GNO

know

recognize, cognition, cognizance, incognito, diagnosis, agnostic, prognosis, gnostic, ignorant

CONTRA

against

controversy, incontrovertible, contravene

CORP

body

corpse, corporeal, corpulence

COSMO, COSM

world

cosmopolitan, cosmos, microcosm, macrocosm

CRAC, CRAT

rule, power

democracy, bureaucracy, theocracy, autocrat, aristocrat, technocrat

CRED

trust, believe

incredible, credulous, credence

CRESC, CRET

grow

crescent, crescendo, accretion

CULP

blame, fault

culprit, culpable, inculpate, exculpate

CURR, CURS

run

current, concur, cursory, precursor, incursion

DE

down, out, apart

depart, debase, debilitate, declivity, decry, deface, defamatory, defunct, delegate, delete, demarcation, demean, demur, deplete, deplore, depravity, deprecate, deride, derivative, desist, detest, devoid

DEC

ten, tenth

decade, decimal, decathlon, decimate

DEMO, DEM

people

democrat, demographics, demagogue, epidemic, pandemic, endemic

DI, DIURN

day

diary, quotidian, diurnal

DIA

across

diagonal, diatribe, diaphanous

DIC, DICT

speak

abdicate, diction, interdict, predict, indict, verdict

DIS, DIF, DI

not, apart, away

disaffected, disband, disbar, disburse, discern, discordant, discredit, discursive, disheveled, disparage, disparate, dispassionate, dispirit, dissemble, disseminate, dissension, dissipate, dissonant, dissuade, distend, differentiate, diffidence, diffuse, digress, divert

DOC, DOCT

teach

docile, doctrine, doctrinaire

DOL

pain

condolence, doleful, dolorous, indolent

DUC, DUCT

lead

seduce, induce, conduct, viaduct, induct

EGO

self

ego, egoist, egocentric

EN, EM

in, into

enter, entice, encumber, endemic, ensconce, enthrall, entreat, embellish, embezzle, embroil, empathy

ERR

wander

erratic, aberration, errant

EU

well, good

eulogy, euphemism, euphony, euphoria, eurhythmics, euthanasia

EW, E

out, out of

exit, exacerbate, excerpt, excommunicate, exculpate, execrable, exhume, exonerate, exorbitant, exorcise, expatriate, expedient, expiate, expunge, expurgate, extenuate, extort, extremity, extricate, extrinsic, exult, evoke, evict, evince, elicit, egress, egregious

FAC, FIC, FECT, FY, FEA

make, do

factory, facility, benefactor, malefactor, fiction, fictive, beneficent, affect, confection, refectory, magnify, unify, rectify, vilify, feasible

FAL, FALS

deceive

infallible, fallacious, false

FERV

boil

fervent, fervid, effervescent

FID

faith, trust

confident, diffidence, perfidious, fidelity

FLU, FLUX

flow

fluent, affluent, confluence, effluvia, superfluous, flux

FORE

before

forecast, foreboding, forestall

FRAG, FRAC

break

fragment, fracture, diffract, fractious, refract

FUS

pour

profuse, infusion, effusive, diffuse

GEN

birth, class, kin

generation, congenital, homogeneous, heterogeneous, ingenious, engender, progenitor, progeny

GRAD, GRESS

step

graduate, gradual, retrograde, centigrade, degrade, gradation, gradient, progress, congress, digress, transgress, ingress, egress

GRAPH, GRAM

writing

biography, bibliography, epigraph, grammar, epigram

GRAT

pleasing

grateful, gratitude, gratis, ingrate, congratulate, gratuitous, gratuity

GRAY, GRIEV

heavy

grave, gravity, aggravate, grieve, aggrieve, grievous

GREG

crowd, flock

segregate, gregarious, egregious, congregate, aggregate

HABIT, HIBIT

have, hold

habit, cohabit, habitat, inhibit

HAP

by chance

happen, haphazard, hapless, mishap

HELIO, HELI

sun

heliocentric, heliotrope, aphelion, perihelion, helium

HETERO

other

heterosexual, heterogeneous, heterodox

HOL

whole

holocaust, catholic, holistic

HOMO

same, man

homosexual, homogenize, homogeneous, homonym, homo sapiens, homicide, bonhomie

HYDR

water

hydrant, hydrate, dehydration

HYPER

too much, excess

hyperactive, hyperbole, hyperventilate

HYPO

too little, under

hypodermic, hypothermia, hypochondria, hypothesis, hypothetical

IN, IG, IL, IM, IR

not

incorrigible, indefatigable, indelible, indubitable, inept, inert, inexorable, insatiable, insentient, insolvent, insomnia, interminable, intractable, incessant, inextricable, infallible, infamy, innumerable, inoperable, insipid, intemperate, intrepid, inviolable, ignorant, ignominious, ignoble, illicit, illimitable, immaculate, immutable, impasse, impeccable, impecunious, impertinent, implacable, impotent, impregnable, improvident, impassioned, impervious, irregular

IN, IL, IM, IR

in, on, into

invade, inaugurate, incandescent, incarcerate, incense, indenture, induct, ingratiate, introvert, incarnate, inception, incisive, infer, infusion, ingress, innate, inquest, inscribe, insinuate, inter, illustrate, imbue, immerse, implicate, irrigate, irritate

INTER

between, among

intercede, intercept, interdiction, interject, interlocutor, interloper, intermediary, intermittent, interpolate, interpose, interregnum, interrogate, intersect, intervene

INTRA, INTR

within

intrastate, intravenous, intramural, intrinsic

IT, ITER

between, among

transit, itinerant, transitory, reiterate

JECT, JET

throw

eject, interject, abject, trajectory, jettison

JOUR

day

journal, adjourn, sojourn

JUD

judge

judge, judicious, prejudice, adjudicate

JUNCT, JUG

join

junction, adjunct, injunction, conjugal, subjugate

JUR

swear, law

jury, abjure, adjure, conjure, perjure, jurisprudence