ch. 19 Vocab, science, test 2

Weather

The state of the atmosphere at a given place and time as characterized by temp., wind, clouds, humidity, and precipitation.

Climate

Characterized by same as weather. Weather of a region over an extended period of time.

Photon

A partical of light, smallest particles or packet of electromagnetic energy.

Electromagnetic radiation

Radiation consist of an electronic electric and magnetic field. Including radio waves, infrared, visible light, violet, x-rays, And Grammy rays.

Frequency

The number of complete wave cycles. From crest, that passed through a fixed point in a second.

Electromagnetic spectrum

The entire range of electronic radiation from very long wavelength low frequency radiation to very short wavelength. High frequency radiation.

Albedo

The reflectivity of a surface; surfaces reflects more light have a higher albedo

Temperature

A measure of the average kinetic energy in a substance, proportional to the average speed of Atoms and molecules in the sample.

Heat

The energy transported between two substances because of a different temperature

Condition

The transport of heat by direct collision around atoms or molecules

latent heat

Stored energy; energy released or absorbed when substance changes from one state to another by melting, freezing, evaporation, condensation

Specific heat

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature by 1 g of a substance by one° Celsius

Advection

A transfer of heat by horizontal flow of liquid material

Isotherm

Line on a weather map, connecting points of equal air pressure

Solstice

Either of the times a year when the sun is farthest from the equator shine directly overhead either 23.5° north or south latitude; the longest day of the year and the hemisphere receiving direct sunlight and this shortest day of the year and the other hemisphere

Tropic of cancer

The latitude 23.5° north of the equator; on the summer solstice in the northern hemisphere, sunlight strikes earth from directly overhead at this latitude

Tropic of Capricorn

The latitude 23.5° south of the equator; the summer solstice and the southern hemisphere. Sunlight strikes earth from directly overhead at noon at this .

Equinox

Either of the two times a year when the sun shines directly overhead at the equator and every after of earth has 12 hours a day and 12 hours night