Scientific Revolution, Absolute Monarchs, and The English Civil War Quiz

nicolaus copernicus

heliocentric theory

johannes kepler

planets orbit around the sun

galileo galilei

telescope; supported heliocentric theory, challenged catholic church

isaac newton

laws of motion and gravity

william harvey

accurately discovered how blood circulates throughout the body

louis xiv of france

king of france at 4, "the sun king", gave france crippling debt

peter the great

czar of russia (1682-1725), "founder of modern russia"

oliver cromwell

leader of the roundheads during the english civil war

charles 1

king of england, abused his power, which made parliament stage a rebellion

charles 11

king of england during restoration

william and mary

king and queen who took the throne after james 11 (protestants)

rene descartes

helped formulate the scientific method

francis bacon

helped to formulate the scientific method

ivan the terrible

czar of russia (1546-1584) "time of troubles"

catherine the great

german princess who married peter the greats grandson, named czarina

tycho brahe

accurate measurements and locations of stars before telescopes

heliocentric theory

presents the sun as the center of the solar system

divine right

the absolute monarchs thought that they received their power from god and should not be challenged

absolute monarchs

a ruler whose power was not limited by having to consult with nobles, common people

westernization

adopting western culture technology, and political and economical practices

parliament

law making assembly of a country or nation

democracy

government where power is rested in the people

czar

emperor of russia

roundhead

rebels against the king

royalists

people who stuck by the king and supported him

why was the scientific revolution important?

because instead of relying on ancient ways to tell us about the world, we discovered what everything really is. effects: astronomy, physics, culture, scientific method, medicine

how did the scientific revolution challenge previously held beliefs?

by going against the churches teachings

what are typical characteristics of absolute monarchs?

unrestricted power, rule by divine right, controlling all aspects of government

explain the role of oliver cromwell in the english civil war

he led the roundheads for several years in the civil war against king clarks defeated royalists

what role did the palace of versailles play in louis xiv's reign over france?

he used it as a symbol of his royal power

what was peter the great's main philosophy of ruling over russia? what kinds of things did he do to support this?

he believed that he should have his power to modernize russia. he organized a modern army, controlled the church, started the first newspaper and built new schools

what was the age of absolutism? why was it called this?

the age of full power in rulers. because it was the age for absolute monarchy

why was the magna carta so important in english history? what did it do? who created/signed it?

because it is the first foundation of the english government. it limited the kings power. it was created nobles and signed by king john.

what caused the english civil war? explain the two sides of conflict.

king charles 1 began to abuse his power and parliament staged a rebellion.

what role did religion play in the english civil war?

it divided england

when was the glorious revolution and why was it so "glorious"?

when william and mary began ruling england. there was no fighting.

what was the restoration and why was this important?

the time of restoring england. it restored the idea of monarchy.

explain the overall effects of the english civil war and the glorious revolution

helped define the rights of englishmen, increased parliaments power and decreased kings power

what was the english bill of rights of 1689? why was this important? who signed it?

a bill that made government led by people and not a monarch. it increased parliaments power and decreased royal power. signed by william and henry.

why do you think this unit is called the age of reason?

because there were changes in political, social, scientific, economic, and religion.