Personality Disorders

Flashcards about Personality Disorders

How are the 10 different personality disorders classified in clusters?

Characterized by odd or eccentric behavior (cluster A), dramatic, emotional, or erratic behavior (cluster B), or anxious or fearful behavior (cluster C).

Why might the DSM system not be ideal for classifying personality disorders?

Concerns about the lack of test-retest stability, the potential for gender bias, and the high rates of comorbidity.

According to the alternative DSM-5 model, what are the five personality trait domains?

Negative Affectivity, Detachment, Antagonism, Disinhibition, and Psychoticism.

What are the DSM-5 criteria for Paranoid Personality Disorder?

Unjustified suspiciousness, unwarranted doubts about loyalty, reluctance to confide, reading hidden meanings, bearing grudges, angry reactions, and unwarranted suspiciousness of fidelity.

What are the DSM-5 criteria for Schizoid Personality Disorder?

Lack of desire for close relationships, preference for solitude, little interest in sex, few pleasurable activities, lack of friends, indifference to praise or criticism, and flat affect.

What are the DSM-5 criteria for Schizotypal Personality Disorder?

Ideas of reference, odd beliefs or magical thinking, unusual perceptions, odd patterns of thought and speech, suspiciousness, inappropriate affect, odd behavior, lack of close friends, and anxiety around others.

What are the DSM-5 criteria for Antisocial Personality Disorder?

Repeated lawbreaking, deceitfulness, impulsivity, irritability and aggressiveness, reckless disregard for safety, irresponsibility, and lack of remorse.

What are the DSM-5 criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder?

Frantic efforts to avoid abandonment, unstable relationships, unstable sense of self, self-damaging behaviors, recurrent suicidal behavior, mood reactivity, chronic emptiness, intense anger, and transient paranoid thoughts.

What are the DSM-5 criteria for Histrionic Personality Disorder?

Strong need to be the center of attention, inappropriate sexual seductiveness, rapidly shifting emotions, use of physical appearance to draw attention, impressionistic speech, exaggerated emotional expression, and over suggestibility.

What are the DSM-5 criteria for Narcissistic Personality Disorder?

Grandiose view of importance, preoccupation with success, belief of being special, need for admiration, sense of entitlement, exploitative behavior, lack of empathy, envy, and arrogance.

What are the DSM-5 criteria for Avoidant Personality Disorder?

Avoidance of interpersonal activities, unwillingness to get involved without certainty of being liked, restrained relationships, preoccupation with criticism, inhibition in new situations, view of self as inept, reluctance to try new activities.

What are the DSM-5 criteria for Dependent Personality Disorder?

Difficulty making decisions, need for others to take responsibility, difficulty disagreeing, lack of self-confidence, doing unpleasant things for approval, helplessness when alone, urgently seeking new relationships, preoccupation with fears of self-care.

What are the DSM-5 criteria for Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder?

Preoccupation with rules, perfectionism interfering with task completion, excessive devotion to work, inflexibility about morals, difficulty discarding items, reluctance to delegate, miserliness, rigidity, and stubbornness.

What medications are used for Schizotypal Personality Disorder?

Antipsychotic and antidepressant medications

What medications are used for Avoidant Personality Disorder?

Antidepressant medications as well as cognitive behavioral treatment, group CBT

What are the treatments for Borderline Personality Disorder?

Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Mentalization-Based Therapy, and Schema-Focused Cognitive Therapy.

How does culture play a role in personality disorders?

Culture influences the manifestation and recognition of personality disorders, with certain behaviors considered normal in one culture being seen as problematic in another.

What is the prognosis for individuals with personality disorders?

The prognosis varies widely depending on the specific disorder, the severity of symptoms, and the individual's response to treatment. Some individuals may show improvement over time, while others may experience chronic difficulties.

How do genetic factors contribute to the development of personality disorders?

Genetic factors can predispose individuals to developing personality disorders, but environmental factors also play a significant role in their manifestation.

Are there validated psychological tests for personality disorders?

Yes, there are validated tests such as the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire (PDQ).

How do personality disorders affect interpersonal relationships?

Personality disorders can significantly impair interpersonal relationships due to