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22 Terms
1
Personality
A pattern of emotions, distinctive thoughts, and behaviors that define how an individual interacts with the world.
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2
Psychodynamic Approach
A perspective suggesting much of our personality is primarily developed from our unconscious mind.
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3
Id
The part of personality that contains unconscious desires, often seeking pleasure and sometimes conflicting with societal norms.
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4
Ego
The part of personality that deals with the demands of reality, attempting to satisfy the id's desires in socially acceptable ways.
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5
Superego
The component of personality involved in conscience and morality.
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6
Defense Mechanisms
Strategies used by the ego to cope with conflicts between the id and superego.
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7
Denial
A defense mechanism where one ignores unpleasant realities, like acknowledging a failing grade.
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8
Displacement
A defense mechanism that involves redirecting emotions from a true source to a more acceptable target.
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9
Sublimation
A defense mechanism where socially unacceptable impulses are transformed into socially acceptable actions.
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10
Repression
A defense mechanism where painful memories or thoughts are unconsciously blocked from consciousness.
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11
Oedipal Complex
A child's desire to possess the opposite-sex parent and eliminate the same-sex parent, as theorized by Freud.
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12
Penis Envy
A term used by Freud to describe a girl's sense of inferiority related to not having a penis, leading to a less developed superego.
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13
Latency Stage
Freud's stage of psychosexual development from age 6 to puberty where no focused psychosexual development occurs.
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14
Genital Stage
The stage of psychosexual development from puberty onwards, where one seeks sexual experiences outside the family.
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15
Self-Actualization
The process of realizing one's full potential and seeking personal growth as proposed by Maslow.
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16
Unconditional Positive Regard
Acceptance of a person regardless of their actions, which is crucial for psychological development according to Carl Rogers.
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17
Behavioral Activation System (BAS)
A system that seeks positive outcomes and is associated with extroversion.
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18
Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS)
A system that seeks to avoid negative outcomes, associated with neuroticism.
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19
OCEAN Model
An acronym representing the five major dimensions of personality: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extroversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism.
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20
Conscious vs. Unconscious
A distinction in psychodynamic theory where consciousness involves awareness of thoughts and feelings, and the unconscious involves hidden memories and desires.
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21
Inferiority Complex
A psychological condition where a person feels inadequate, often leading to overcompensation in strengths.
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22
Neurotransmitters and Personality
Chemical substances in the brain that influence personality traits, with dopamine linked to extroversion and serotonin linked to neuroticism.
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