History final 2024- Cold War (copy)
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41 Terms
what are the core principles of communism?
Abolition of private property, redistribution of wealth, communal (government) control
What 6 principles did Communism oppose? Know how to explain why.
Individualism, Family, Religion, Universal truths, History, Nationality
how did Stalin rise to power?
He organized the communist group activities - robberies, hostages, etc
What was the goal of the five-year plan? What were the consequences?
To make Russia an industrial country by producing a lot of coal, oil, and steel
Farms were seized by government
What is collectivization? What was the result
it was when the farms were seized and the people ended up starving because the government had all the food.
what is the “cult of personality”
It was when Stalin forced his people to worship him
what did Stalin did to the generals? How many were excuted?
they were executed- 81 out of 103
How many citizens were sent to the gulags or executed?
20 million
Communists believed they could create a heaven on earth called a…
Explain what that means
workers’ paradise- everyone will be happy while they work because they’ll all be equal & working towards a common goal
Name at least 2 freedoms taken away in USSR
freedom of assembly, travel in and out of the country, private discussion, trade/workers’ unions
Type of government that takes total control over the people’s lives
totalitarianism
What was the NKVD?
People’s Commissariat of the Internal Affairs
AKA, Stalin’s secret police
What is the term for people who believe everything is explained in terms of matter?
materialists
What did Lenin and Stalin believe about God and religion?
They believed it was the “opium of the people”- it made the people loyal to someone else besides the government & had universal truths in it- something communism opposed
What three grand titles were assumed by Stalin?
Great leader, transformer of nature, Best friend of all children, Father of the peoples, Granite Bolshevik, Father leader friend teacher.
The ___ justify the ___.
The ends justify the means.
What a kulak? Why were they enemies of the state?
They were the rich middle class and they were considered “capitalists”
Stalin said… “a ____ death is a tragedy, a ____ deaths is a statistic.”
Single, million
What does NATO stand for?
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Abolition of _____ and application of all rents of land to public purposes
property in land
A heavy progressive or graduated ____
income tax
Abolition of all right of ____
inheritance
Confiscation of all ____ of emigrants and rebels
property
Centralization of all ___ in the hands of the state, by means of a national bank with state capital and an exclusive monopoly
credit
Centralization of the means of _______ and _____ in the hands of that state
communitcation, transport
Extension of ____ and instruments of production owned by the state; bringing into cultivation of waste lands, and the improvement of the soil generally in accordance with a common plan.
factories
Equal obligation of all to ____
work
…gradual abolition of all the distinction between ____ by a more equitable distribution of the population over the country
town and country
free ____ for all children in _____
education, public schools
In the close of the Manifesto, Marx and Engels stated emphatically: ____________
“The communists… openly declare that their ends can only be attained by the forcible overthrow of all existing social conditions.”
What was the Gulf of Tokin?
When the Vietnamese sunk an American ship; America’s excuse to go to war with Vietnam
What is Operation Rolling Thunder?
When America bombed the Vietnamese jungle
What is the Tet Offensive (Veit Kong)?
A surprise attack on the American and southern Vietnamese troops by the Northern Vietnamese
What is Vietnamization?
When America pulled its troops out of Vietnam and only sent money
What are the Paris Peace Accords?
When America gave up fighting in Vietnam, allowing the communists to take control of the country
How many people died due to communism in the 20th century?
100 million
How many people were killed the USSR?
20 million
How many people were killed in Communist China?
65 million
“And yet the same _________ for which our forebears fought are still at issue around the globe- the belief that the ____ come not from ________ but from the _____”
revolutionary beliefs
rights of man
generosity of the state
hand of God
“In the long history of the world, only a few generations have been granted the role of _____ in its hour of maximum danger.”
defending freedom
“And so, my fellow Americans: _____”
ask not what your country can do for you—ask what you can do for your country.