Integumentary System Flashcards

Flashcards covering the structure, function, and related conditions of the integumentary system based on lecture notes.

Epidermis

Outermost superficial region of the integument.

Dermis

Middle region of the integument.

Subcutaneous

Deepest region of the integument; also known as the hypodermis.

Functions of the Integumentary System

Protection, prevents water loss, temperature regulation, sensory perception, excretory organ, formation of vitamin D3.

Stratum Corneum

Outermost layer of the epidermis containing dead keratinocytes that are continually shed.

Stratum Basale

Deepest layer of the epidermis containing melanocytes and stem cells.

Thick Skin

Epidermis has 5 Layers (including Stratum Lucidum). Found on palms of hand and soles of feet

Thin Skin

Epidermis has 4 Layers (no Stratum Lucidum)

Papillary Layer

Composed of areolar connective tissue and contains capillaries to nourish epidermis.

Reticular Layer

Composed of dense irregular connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibers.

Subcutaneous Layer (Hypodermis)

Connects skin to underlying muscles, absorbs shock, and prevents heat loss.

1st Degree Burn

Involves damage to only the outer layers of the epidermis, resulting in redness, swelling, and pain.

2nd Degree Burn

Involves damage to the epidermis and papillary layer of the dermis, with symptoms mimicking first-degree burns and fluid-filled blisters.

3rd Degree Burn

Involves damage to the epidermis and all of the dermis, potentially affecting the hypodermis, and may appear gray-white, cherry red, or black.

4th Degree Burn

Extends through the entire integument and into underlying tendons, ligaments, muscle, and bone, often requiring amputation.

Merocrine Sweat Glands

Glands that produce a water-like sweat and are located on the palms, soles, and forehead.

Apocrine Sweat Glands

Glands that produce sweat containing fat and protein, located in axillary and genital areas.

Sebaceous Glands

Glands that secrete sebum (oil), commonly found on the face, neck, and trunk, to soften and lubricate hair and skin.

Hair Follicle

Tube surrounding hair root.

Shaft

Superficial portion of hair (above epidermis).

Hair Papilla

Indentation of hair bulb containing blood vessels.

Arrector Pili

Bundle of smooth muscle cells that makes hair “stand on end”.

Meissner’s Corpuscle

Touch, tickle receptor in the superficial part of dermis.

Bare Nerve Endings

Receptor for pain, heat, and cold.

Pacinian Corpuscle

Pressure receptor, deeper in dermis/hypodermis.