chemistry chapter 4

What does the pH scale indicate?

It indicates whether a substance is acidic or alkaline.

What color indicates an acidic solution on the universal indicator?

Red indicates an acidic solution (pH 0).

What color indicates a neutral solution on the universal indicator?

Green indicates a neutral solution (pH 7).

What does an alkaline substance produce in water?

It produces OH- ions in water.

What is the reaction called when an acid reacts with a base?

The reaction is called neutralization.

What are the products of the reaction between an acid and a base?

The products are salt and water.

What defines a strong acid in terms of ionization?

A strong acid fully ionizes in aqueous solutions.

Give an example of a weak acid.

Ethanoic acid is an example of a weak acid.

What is the difference between acid strength and acid concentration?

Strength refers to how many acid molecules ionize, while concentration refers to the amount of acid in a volume of solution.

What happens to the concentration of H+ ions when pH decreases by 1?

The concentration of H+ ions increases by a factor of 10.

What is oxidation in terms of electron transfer?

Oxidation is the loss of electrons.

What happens to metals in a reduction reaction?

Metals lose oxygen in a reduction reaction.

Which reaction involves a more reactive metal displacing a less reactive metal?

Displacement reaction is the type of reaction.

What does OILRIG stand for?

Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain.

What occurs at the cathode during electrolysis?

Positive metal ions are reduced at the cathode.

What is produced at the anode if halide ions are present during electrolysis?

Halogen gas is produced at the anode.

How can you identify the production of oxygen gas in an experiment?

Oxygen gas relights a glowing splint.

What color indicates an alkaline solution on the universal indicator?

Purple indicates an alkaline solution (pH 14).