02 Lab guide Dr Allen, Blood anatomy

bone marrow

located inside long bones. the adult sternum, ribs, and pelvis are the most active sites for blood cell development

the superior iliac crest of the pelvis

where would a bone marrow sample be taken from for evaluation?

50

the percentage for normal bone marrow cellularity

multipotential

the term used to describe the stem cell that can mature into an erythroblast, myeloblast, lymphoblast, monoblast, or megakaryoblast

megakaryocyte

the cell which produces platelets

presence of hormones and chemicals

determine the direction a stem cell takes as it matures

erythrocytes

the most abundant element. lack intracellular nucleus or organelles. abnormalities in shape or size give clues to diseases such as iron deficiency or sickle cell disease

neutrophils

the most abundant leukocyte. large cells which have a segmented nucleus (3-5) parts. phagocytize bacteria and use lysosymes to explode the engulfed bacteria. play a vital role in fighting bacterial infections

pus

a collection of neutrophils fighting an infection

lymphocytes

large, round plain-looking cells with a round large nucleus. an agranulocyte. all of the cells of this type are involves in fighting viruses and controlling the immune system

monocytes

large agranulocytes. recognized by a “cleaved” nucleus with a cleavage plane. develop into macrophages which migrate out into tissues and engulf bacteria and debris

eosinophils

have a bilobed nucleus and large pomegranate-colored granules. help fight parasites, intestinal worms, and amoebic infections. elevated count used to help diagnose asthma or allergy

basophils

the least common WBC. release histamine during an allergic reaction, causing venules and capillaries to become leaky and allowing plasma to escape into the tissues.

platelets

tiny purple particles seen among the cells. not a cell itself, but a particle full of blood clotting chemicals