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47 Terms

1

coronal/frontal

divides the body perpendicular

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2

sagittal

_____: a vertical plane passing through the standing body from front to back.

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3

tranverse/horizontal

_____: plane that divides the body from the upper and lower half

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4

superior

_____: toward the head of the body

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5

posterior dorsal

_____: the back of a structure

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6

inferior

_____: towards the bottom or away from the head-end of the body

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7

anterior ventral

_____: the front or direction toward the front of the body

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8

medial

_____: towards the middle of the body

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9

lateral

_____: to the side of, or away from, the middle of the body

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10

proximal

_____: nearer to the center of the body or point of attachment

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11

distal

_____: sites located away from a specific area, most often from the center of the body

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12

supine

_____: used to describe a person laying on their back

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13

superficial

_____: deep inside the body

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14

prone

_____: used to describe a person laying down

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15

adduction

_____: when you move a limb/body part towards the center of the body

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16

abduction

_____: moving a limb/body part away from the center of the body

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17

elevation

_____: moving upward

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18

depression

_____: moving downward

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19

supra, super, hyper

above or more

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20

infra, sub, hypo

below or less

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21

What are the four basic types of tissues in the human body?

epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous

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22

stratified squamous epithelium

vocal folds

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23

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

vocal tract

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24

simple epothelium

_____: ciliated epithelium: with cilia (lashes) on top, lining of nasal cavity, trachea, bronchi

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25

compound epithelium

______: stratified epithelium: layers of cells on top of one another, lining of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus

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26

basement membrane (baseplate)

______: made up of collagen: thing but strong, serves as a point of attachment for columnar or squamous cells, underlies epithelium and provides support (especially in vocal folds)

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27

adipose

_____: cells with fat globules

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28

white fibrous

_____: strong, closely packed, flexible: ligaments binding bones; periosteum over bone; covering og organs; fascia over muscle

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29

yellow elastic

_____: elastic: in areas requiring recoil, such as cartilage of trachea, larynx, bronchi

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30

cartilage

_____: firm and flexible

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31

hyaline, fibrocartilage, elastic

What are three kinds of cartilage?

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32

hyaline

_____: makes up the larynx, clearer looking substance

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33

fibrocartilage

_____: makes up the vertebral discs, densely layered collagen fibers and more flattened and organized cell rows

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34

elastic cartilage

_____: makes up the epiglottis and eustachian tubes, is visible elastics fibers in the matrix

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35

fascia

_____: a sheet or band of connective tissue that forms a membrane that supports many structures in the body

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36

ligaments

_____: very dense connective tissue that connects more rigid structures.

(cartilage to bone- all over the larynx)

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37

tendons

_____: flexible connective tissue that provides muscle-to-bone, muscle-to-cartilage, or muscle-to-muscle connection

(think tender).

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38
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39

skeletal muscles

_____: voluntary muscle, striated muscle, somatic muscles.

  • muscle associated with conscious movement

  • vocal folds, abdominal muscle, etc

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40

smooth muscles

_____: visceral muscles

  • muscles associated with involuntary function

  • glands, organs of digestion, etc.

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41

origin

_____: the least mobile point of attachment, usually proximal

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42

insertion

_____: the point of attachment that moves as a result of contraction, usually distal

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43

agonists

_____: muscles that move contract for a specific movement

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44

antagonists

_____: muscles that contract in opposition to a movement *stretch weakness*

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45

fixators

_____: muscles that stabilize structures during movement

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46

synergist

_____: muscles that assist the agonist in the movement

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47

innervation

_____: the cranial or spinal nerve that connects to and controls the muscle

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