NSE 111 - Transfer and Ambulation

These flashcards summarize key concepts from the lecture on mobility and immobility in nursing, covering the benefits of physical activity, assessment of patient mobility, and safe transfer techniques.

What are the benefits of regular physical activity and exercise?

They enhance the functioning of all body systems, including cardiopulmonary function, muscle/skeletal fitness, and psychological well-being

What does activity tolerance refer to?

The kind and amount of exercise or activity a person is able to perform, influenced by physiological, emotional, and developmental factors.

What should be considered when assessing a patient's mobility for ambulation?

Activity tolerance, orthostatic hypotension, strength, level of pain, coordination, and balance.

What is deconditioning and how does it relate to functional decline?

Deconditioning is the physiological change that occurs due to a lack of physical activity. It is often characterized by reduced functional use of the musculoskeletal system, leading to conditions like joint contractures and muscle atrophy. This ultimately results in functional decline, meaning a reduced ability to perform daily activities.

What are the physiological changes associated with immobility?

Cardiovascular changes like orthostatic hypotension and thrombus formation; musculoskeletal changes like muscle weakness and atrophy; urinary elimination changes leading to infections; gastrointestinal changes leading to constipation; and integumentary changes resulting in pressure injuries.

What are the consequences of immobility on psychological health?

It can lead to depression, behavioral changes, sleep disturbances, and alterations in coping mechanisms.

What is friction in the context of patient care and immobility?

Friction is the force that resists motion when two surfaces rub together. In patient care, it occurs when a patient's skin is dragged across a surface, such as bed linens, which can lead to superficial skin damage.

What is shear in the context of patient care and immobility?

Shear is a force exerted parallel to the skin, causing one layer of tissue to slide over another. This can stretch and tear blood vessels and tissue, often occurring when a patient slides down in bed while the skin adheres to the sheets, contributing to pressure injury development.

What are the key checkpoints for safe patient transfer?

Ensure ears align with shoulders, shoulders align with hips, tighten stomach, and maintain a stable base of support.

When is it recommended to manually lift a patient?

When the patient weighs no more than 35 lb (16 kg) and is cooperative, unlikely to move suddenly.

What is the Morse Falls Scale used for?

It helps to identify patients at risk of falling by assessing specific risk factors.

What nursing interventions can help reduce falls risk?

Use orientation strategies, clear communication, teach the family about call bell use, ensure the patient uses assistive devices correctly, and maintain a clutter-free environment.