Finals Prep World History: Unit 11 - World War 1

Identify and explain the M.A.I.N. causes of WW1

Militarism - Nations glorifying military power and growing their navies and armies to be the best

Alliances - Formed between different nations in Europe and picked sides (triple alliance/entente)

Imperialism - Competition over land and who controlled what territories, which caused rivalry and mistrust

Nationalism - Pride in your country, increased through rivalries due to imperialism and militaries

What specific event sparked WW1?

The assassination of Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary while in Bosnia

Describe trench warfare. Why was it used? Was it an effective way of fighting?

Trenches were dug as a system of defense, starting after the failed schlieffen plan on the France, Germany border.

Soldiers lived in them for weeks at a time and had to dig into no mans land to gain little land

It was not effective and usually ended in stalemate and many casualties

Why did the United States enter WW1?

The U.S disliked Germany's use of unrestricted submarine warfare after promising to restrict it, and intercepting the zimmerman telegram was the last straw

Who were the Big Three? What were the names of their leaders?

France - Georges Clemenceau

Britain - David LLoyd George

U.S - Woodrow Wilson

What were the goals of the Allied leaders when writing the Treaty of Versailles?

The U.S wanted peace without victory based off of Wilson's fourteen points

Britain wanted money to improve and rebuild

France wanted a weakened Germany

What were the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles? How did this impact Germany?

Provisions:

Must accept full blame for starting the war

Must pay reparations of $400 billion to the allies

Military size must be limited

Must give up land in Germany and overseas colonies

The Germans were left with nothing and so they resented all involved with the treaty

How did the outcome of WW1 lead to WW2?

The Treaty of Versailles was incredibly harmful to Germany, and so the people resented the treaty itself along with the countries that made it.

They were weak and so Hitler's promise to strengthen the country once again, was very appealing.

He was able to easily take advantage of them and their hatred, which led to a rise in his power and the eventual war.

Militarism

Nations glorified military power

Built up armies and navies to ensure readiness

Nationalism

Rivalries over militaries and imperialism increased nationalism among European powers

Schlieffen Plan

Germany's failed attempt at attacking France quickly to avoid a two front war that resulted in the use of trench warfare and an eventual stalemate

Zimmerman Telegram

The telegram sent from Germany to Mexico proposing an alliance that was intercepted by the U.S and resulted in their joining of WW1

Central Powers

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire

Allied Powers

France, Britain, Russia, Italy, U.S, and 21 other countries

Total War

When a nation mobilizes entire society to win a war (Economy and gov)

Big Three

USA, Britain, and France

Fourteen Points

The list of terms for resolving WW1 and any future wars, written by Woodrow Wilson

Called for freedom of the seas, free trade, reduction of arms, and the end of secret treaties

Urged the creation of a general association of nations

Treaty of Versailles

The treaty Germany was forced into to end WW1 that made them accept full blame for starting the war, pay $400 billion in reparations, limit the size of their military, and give up both land in Germany and overseas colonies

The Germans resented the treaty and those who created it

Reparations

In WW1, money given to make amends and compensate for all of the hurt Germany had caused

League Of Nations

Agreed to negotiate disputes

Limited power but collective purpose