Biology UIL Terms

Endomembrane system

A group of membrane-bound organelles and vesicles that work together to modify, package, and transport lipids and proteins throughout the cell.

Ex. Rough ER, Golgi, Nuclear Envelope, Smooth ER

Emesis

Medical term for vomiting

Ribosome

Made up of rRNA and ribosomal proteins

Small and Large subunits

rRNA → Proteins

Muscle tissues

Specialized soft tissues that are categorized into skeletal, cardiac, and smooth

Made up of actin and myosin

Malaria

Malaria is spread by Anopheles a genius of mosquitos and inject the parasite Plasmodium into humans

DNA replication

Cell makes a copy of it’s DNA in the nucleus by a helicase, primase, DNA poly, and ligase

Ectoparasites vs. Endoparasites

Ectoparasites live inside of it’s host (digestive track-tapeworms)

Endoparasites live on the surface (scalp-lice)

Cellular Respiration

Cells turn food into useable energy (biochemical reactions are mostly in the nucleus)

Glycolysis, Citric Acid Cycle, ETC

Glucose and Oxygen → Carbon dioxide, water, and ATP

Cytokinesis

Final stage of cell division where there is a division of the cytoplasm which creates two daughter cells

Polyandry

Females have multiple mates at the same time

Poly- multiple

gamy- (blanket term for multiple marriages)

gyny- restricts plural men (polyandry: one man multiple women)

andry- restricts plural women (polygynandry: one woman multiple men)

gynandry- Both genders (multiple women and men)

CDC McDonald’s outbreak

Taylor Farms onions carried E coli. O157:H7

Class Order

Genius first and species second

PCR

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Makes millions to billions of copies of a DNA sequence (amplifies a sequence)

Anabolism

Builds big molecules using energy

Catabolism

Breaks down big molecules reeasing energy