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19 Terms

1
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Nominative singular (masculine)

Noun ending: Ø; Adjective ending: -ый / -ий; Example: Большой дом (big house), Добрый человек (kind person). Exception: adjectives after velars (г, к, х) and sibilants (ж, ш, щ, ч) take -ой.

2
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Nominative singular (feminine)

Noun ending: -а / -я; Adjective ending: -ая; Example: Новая книга (new book). Exception: adjectives with stem -ний use -яя in feminine: синяя вода (blue water).

3
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Nominative singular (neuter)

Noun ending: -о / -е; Adjective ending: -ое / -ее; Example: Синее море (blue sea), Красивое окно (beautiful window). Exception: soft-stem adjectives use -ее (синее).

4
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Nominative plural

Noun ending: -ы / -и; Adjective ending: -ые / -ие; Example: Новые книги (new books), Красивые дома (beautiful houses). Exception: after velars and sibilants nouns and adjectives take -и.

5
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Genitive singular (masculine & neuter)

Noun: -а / -я; Adjective: -ого / -его; Example: Нет большого дома (no big house), Много синего неба (a lot of blue sky). Exception: adjectives after k/g/h use -его.

6
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Genitive singular (feminine)

Noun: -ы / -и; Adjective: -ой / -ей; Example: Нет новой книги (no new book), Мало синей воды (little blue water). Exception: adjectives with stem -ний use -ней: синей.

7
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Genitive plural

Noun: Ø / -ов / -ев; Adjective: -ых / -их; Example: Нет красивых домов (no beautiful houses), Много добрых людей (many kind people). Exception: soft stems use -их.

8
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Dative singular (masculine & neuter)

Noun: -у / -ю; Adjective: -ому / -ему; Example: Подойти к большому дому (approach the big house), Помогать хорошему другу (help a good friend). Exception: adjectives after stems in -ний use -нему.

9
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Dative singular (feminine)

Noun: -е / -и; Adjective: -ой / -ей; Example: Позвонить новой маме (call the new mom), Удивить синей птице (surprise the blue bird). Exception: soft-stem adjectives use -ей.

10
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Dative plural

Noun: -ам / -ям; Adjective: -ым / -им; Example: Помощь большим домам (help to big houses), Радовать добрым людям (please kind people). Exception: adjectives after hissing stems use -им.

11
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Accusative singular inanimate

follows nominative; Animate masculine uses genitive.
Accusative singular (masculine animate)

12
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Accusative singular (feminine)

Noun: -у / -ю; Adjective: -ую; Example: Люблю красивую музыку (I love beautiful music). Exception: soft stems use -юю: синюю.

13
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Accusative singular (neuter)

follows nominative endings for nouns and adjectives

14
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Accusative plural inanimate

follows nominative plural; Animate plural uses genitive plural.

15
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Instrumental singular (masculine & neuter)

Noun: -ом / -ем; Adjective: -ым / -им; Example: Писать хорошим инструментом (to write with a good instrument). Exception: adjectives after soft stems use -им.

16
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Instrumental singular (feminine)

Noun: -ой / -ей; Adjective: -ой / -ей; Example: Довольна новой машиной (satisfied with a new car). Exception: soft-stems use -ей.

17
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Instrumental plural

Noun: -ами / -ями; Adjective: -ыми / -ими; Example: Идти с большими друзьями (to go with big friends). Exception: adjectives after hissing stems use -ими.

18
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Prepositional singular

Noun: -е / -и after sibilants; Adjective: -ом / -ем (rare); Example: Говорить о большом доме (talk about the big house), Думать о синей воде (think about blue water). Exception: prepositional adjectives often use -ем (о чём? о большем).

19
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Prepositional plural

Noun: -ах / -ях; Adjective: -ых / -их; Example: Мы разговариваем о больших городах (we talk about big cities). Exception: soft-stems use -их.