Anatomy Unit I Terms: Introduction to the human body

More definitions.

Inferior

A part is located below another part or is closer to the feet.

Anterior

Towards the front surface.

Posterior

Towards the back surface.

Medial

Towards the midline of the body.

Lateral

Away from the midline of the body.

Proximal

The structure is nearer to a point of attachment, often the trunk of the body.

Distal

A part is farther away from a point of attachment than another part.

Superficial

A part is located on or near the surface of the body.

Deep

The body part is away from the surface of the body.

Central

A part is located in the center.

Peripheral

A part is located away from the center.

Sagittal Plane

Divides the body lengthwise into left and right portions.

Frontal Plane

Divides the body into anterior (ventral) and posterior (dorsal).

Transverse Plane

Divides the body into horizontally, creating an upper (superior) and lower (inferior) portion.

Homeostasis

A state of relative constancy of the body's normal internal environment.

positive feedback loop

Amplifies a change that is occurring (stimulatory)

negative feedback loop

Opposes or negates a change in a controlled condition (inhibitory).

Mediastinum

A subdivision in the midportion of the thoracic cavity

Anatomy

The study of the structure of the body.

Physiology

The study of the functions of living organisms and their parts

Epidermis

The outer layer.

Dermis

The inner layer.

How many bones are in the skeletal system?

206

Skeletal provides what?

Protection, support, movement, and storage for calcium.

Muscular system muscles?

Smooth, Cardiac, skeletal.

Smooth muscle is?

Involuntary

Skeletal muscle is?

Voluntary

The endocrine system consists of:

Glands and hormones.

The cardiovascular (circulatory) system consists of the:

Heart, blood vessels, veins, arteries, arterioles, and capillaries.

The lymphatic system consists of:

Lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, specialized organs such as the tonsils, thymus, and spleen.

The respiratory system, which consists of the:

Nose, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Lungs, Alveoli.

Superior

A part is above another part or is closer to the head

The digestive system consists of:

The primary organs: mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, rectum, and anus.

The accessory organs: teeth, salivary glands, tongue, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and appendix.

The urinary system consists of:

Kidneys, Ureters, Bladder, and Urethra.

The male reproductive system consists of:

Testes, vas deferens, Urethra, Prostate, Penis, and Scrotum

The female reproductive system consist of:

Ovaries, Uterus, Fallopian tubes, Vagina, Vulva, and Breasts.

Appendicular

The bones of the upper and lower extremities and the bones of attachment.

Axial

Refers to the head, neck, and torso or trunk of the body.

Feedback loop

A complex integrated communication control network, classified as positive or negative.