CNA General Knowledge

Abuse

Willful infliction of injury, unreasonable confinement, intimidation, or punishment with resulting physical harm, pain or mental anguis. Individual acted delibaretly.

Advance Directives

Legal document that makes person’s wishes known regarding life support issues. Used in event person is unable to speak for themselves

Aphasia

impaired ability to speak and/or understand language

Bill of rights

State and federal law that protects rights of residents in long-term care facilities

Durable power of attorney

A person appointed by the client to make healthcare decisions if the client is unable

Involuntary Seclusion

Isolating resident to their room or specific area in a nursing home. The isolation is against resident or legal represntatives consent. (Only done when person is danger to themselves or others)

Living Will

• Type of advanced directive

• Written legal document listing what medical treatments you would or wouldn’t want used to keep yourself alive

• Also Includes decisons such as pain management or organ donation

Ombudsman

Handles complaints between a resident and nursing home

Person-Centered Care

Care that is respectful of a resident’s cultural, linguistic, and social needs and desires

Resident Representative

Person chosen by resided to act on their behalf. Person supports resindent in decion-making. Has access to medical, social, or other personal information, recives notifcations, and manages finances

The Omnibus Budget and Reconciliation Act (OBRA)

• 1987 Federal Law

• Identifies the standards for NA training and registration for NA’s working in skilled nursing facilities.

• Identifies skills and minimum requirements

• Identifies standard of care

• Implemented by state agency (MN Department of Health)

To be a nursing aide you must be able to pass background study:

• Complete DHS background stude

• Photo and fingerprints taken

Becoming and Maintaining NA

• Pass NA state knowledge and skills exams (70 questions, 2 hours; 17/30 skills tested)

• Work min 8 hrs every 24 months

• Complete 12 hours of continuing education

Mental Abuse

use of verbal or nonverbal conduct which causes the resident humilition, fear, shame, or agitation

Verbal abuse

includes using words to demean, frightean, or control someone resulting in mental harm.

Sexual Abuse

non-consensual sexual contanct of any type. Including: remakrs, touching/grabbing, assualt, etc

Neglect

failure of facility its employees, or service providers to provide adequate medical or personal care.

Reporting Abuse and Neglect

• Nurse aides are mandated reporters. Failure may result in misdemeanor offense and NA may be liable

• Reports must be made within 2 hours

• Reports submitted to Minnesota Adult Abuse Reporting Center (MAARC)

Minnesota Vulnerable Adult Act

• protects adults who may be vulnerable to abuse or neglect and cannot help themselves

• May include:

  • 18 or older

  • Live in licensed facility

  • Live in a family setting but unable to report abuse or neglect

Malpractice in healthcare

• Failure to meet min standards of care resulting in harm, injury, or death

• Negligence often reason for malpractice lawsuits

Patient Self-Determinination Act (PSDA)

• Requires funded facilities to tell residents about their rights to make treatment choices

• Residents must be asked if they have living will or Durable Power of Attorney (DPOA) for health care