Lab 9
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26 Terms
electron transport system
E
citric acid cycle
C
glucose
B
amino acid
D
fatty acid
A
Glycogen is composed of branched chains of _______ molecules.
glucose
Triglycerides are catabolized to provide what molecules to the nutrient pool?
fatty acid
Proteins are catabolized to provide what molecules to the nutrient pool?
amino acid
When a molecule is _______ it loses electrons, and when a molecule is ______ it gains electrons.
oxidized; reduced
During glycolysis, how many pyruvate molecules are generated from one molecule of glucose?
2
Which explanation BEST describes why there is only a NET gain of 2 ATP when 4 ATP molecules are generated from the glycolysis of one glucose molecule?
2 ATP are used in glycolysis to initially catabolize the glucose molecule
How many ATP are produced during the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA?
no ATP is produced
How many acetyl-CoA molecules are produced from the catabolism of one glucose molecule?
2
What molecule will pyruvate be converted to if there are inadequate amounts of oxygen in the cytoplasm?
lactic acid
What step of cellular respiration produces most of the high energy coenzyme molecules for the electron transport system?
citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle produces some ATP molecules from GTP. What type of phosphorylation process is used to create ATP during this step?
substrate level phosphorylation
What phosphorylation mechanism is used to generate ATP in the ETS?
oxidative phosphorylation
What molecule is the final electron acceptor in the ETS?
molecular oxygen
What molecule is produced when the final electron acceptor in the ETS gains the required electrons?
water
Where is electron transport system-generated ATP produced in the cell?
mitochondria
What two molecules supply electrons to drive the redox reactions of the ETS?
NADH and FADH2
Where in the cell does glycolysis occur?
cytoplasm
Where is acetyl-CoA formed in the cell?
the mitochondria
Where does the carbon dioxide that you exhale come from?
reactions of cellular respiration
How many ATP molecules are formed in the Krebs cycle?
2
How is ATP produced in the electron transport chain?
the flow of hydrogen ions through a turbine molecule