community based tourism

COMMUNITY-BASED ENTERPRISE (CBE)

are an example of the so-called social enterprises. A social enterprise is defined as "businesses with primarily social objectives whose surpluses are principally reinvested for that purpose in the business or in the community, rather than being driven by the need to maximize profit for shareholders and ouners" (UK Department of Trade and Industru. 20111

Key Characteristics of CBE

Community-led

Community-controlled

Income-generating

Socially and environmentally responsible

Financially self-sustaining.

Community-led

Local stakeholders take an active role in the enterprise.

Community-controlled

Organizational leadership, like the Board of Directors, is represented by the local people. This leadership is held liable to the community.

Income-generating

The income generated is re-invested or surplus is distributed for the benefit of the community.

Socially and environmentally responsible

As a social enterprise, it is not driven by the need to maximize profits but primarily to help the community as a whole without neglecting the environment.

Financially self-sustaining.

The CBE is able to sustain its operations, even without the aid of external funding. Otherwise, the CBE should be on its way to being self-sustaining.

Community-based Enterprise (SIZE)

• have the potential for larger scale operations (expand operations)

• can have more than 10 employees

• capital is beyond PhP

Micro-enterprise (SIZE)

often small-scale have less than 10 employees

• vulnerable to competition

• under-capitalized, with less than PhP 1M startup capital

Community-based Enterprise (GENERATION OF JOBS)

can generate more jobs and return benefit to the community beyond

micro-enterprise (GENERATION OF JOBS)

unable to generate more jobs

micro-enterprise (owners/operators)

usually owned by single proprietorship or a family profits are privately accumulated

Community-based Enterprise (owners/operators)

-can be operated as a worker-owned cooperative or as a member-based association

-profits equitably distributed to members/ owners

generated locally is also utilized locally,

With the CBE, the income ——————, as

local people earn from their very own enterprise while being able to

maintain and improve their local biodiversity.

“bottom-up approach” (decentralized approach),

The CBE utilizes the __________,

with the local people and their leadership at the focal point of

decision-making and primary beneficiaries of the enterprise. The

community is ensured of direct benefits in every project activity.

benefits of CBE include the following:

1. CBE provides employment and income for the locality.

2. Agriculture, forestry, and marine products and by-products are showcased and marketed

3. Cash is not leaked out of the community.

4. Surpluses and income revenues can be allocated to social development projects in the community.

5. Surpluses and income revenues can also be utilized as capital for new community enterprises

6. Decentralized approach in decision-making

Community-based ecotourism should therefore

foster

sustainable use and collective responsibility

Community-based Ecotourism Enterprise

is an enterprise controlled and managed by concerned local people and stakeholders in a community whose main product is to "sell" ecotourism services.

CBEE OPPORTUNITIES

generating employment

Contribution to poverty alleviation

restoration of the natural environment

historical preservation

community cohesiveness

CBEE LIMITATIONS

long preservation period

present of opposing parties

apathetis or non-supportive

increase the number of staff

extend the scope of CBEE

limited technical capacity

limited capital

limited service facilities

factors in selecting CBEE sites, products, and services

Legal considerations

Cultural considerations

Religious belief and practices

Agricultural perspective

Natural attractions and unique physical characteristics.

Icon biodiversity species

Level of social-political support

Historical perspective

Legal considerations.

Prioritize sites if identified in the National Ecotourism Strategy or NES, NIPAS Law, etc.

Cultural considerations.

Situated in the Cordilleras, the Banga-an Village rice terraces and the indigenous people's way of life is one example of a CBEE site with rich cultural resource.

Religious belief and practices.

The Mt. Banahaw-San Cristobal Protected Landscape in Laguna is a site popularly known for its religious practices and beliefs.

Agricultural perspective.

Rice Museum (Balay sa Humay) in Bohol highlights everything about rice, from production to harvesting, research and development, and other by-products which can be tapped for income generation.

Natural attractions and unique physical characteristics.

Various natural attractions in the country include: Taal Crater Lake in Batangas, Mayon Volcano in Bicol, Chocolate Hills in Bohol, and the Kayangan Lake in Palawan, among others

Icon biodiversity species.

This includes the whale sharks in Donsol, Sorsogon, dolphins in Pamilacan Island, tarsiers in Bohol, and majority of the Philippine Eagle in Mindanao.

Historical perspective.

The Danao Adventure Park in Bohol is the seat of the Dagohoy Revolutionary movement. On the other hand, the Aguinaldo Shrine in Kawit, Cavite is where General Emilio Aguinaldo, the country's first president, declared Philippine Independence on June 12, 1898.

Level of social-political support.

The level of socio-political support is essential in selecting a CBEE site. The Danao Adventure Park has been successful due to the efforts of the LGU.

Prospects of Ecotourism in the Philippines (opportunities)

wide diversity of natural resources

Growth of the ecotourism market

chance to develop ecotourism by the Filipinos

Improved Transportation

Increased awareness

chance to develop ecotourism by the Filipinos

• Most Tourism operators are foreign owned, supplier country actually benefits more.

• Existence and development of community based ecotourism minimizes leakages

Growth of the ecotourism market

Ecotourism is one of the fastest growing markets in the industry, increasing

value of nature-based creation

wide diversity of natural resources

Philippines is rich in natural resources

wide expanse of tropical rainforest

thousands of species of flora and fauna

and equally impressive number of endemics and marine life

numerous landforms and waterforms