Pelvic limb arthrology

Joint of stability rather than mobility

Ventral sacroiliac ligament connects iliac wing to sacral wing

Sacrotuberous ligament connects sacrum and caudal vertebrae to the ischiatic tuberosity

-also the point of insertion for biceps femoris, superficial gluteal and middle gluteal

What is the sacroiliac joint

Sacroiliac joint

Joint of stability formed between the sacrum and pelvis

Joins the pubis and ischium from each os coxae

Becomes more ossified with age

What is the pelvic symphysis

Pelvis symphysis

Joint that joins the pubis and ischium from each os coxae

Joint between the acetabulum and head of femur

Ball and socket joint

Mainly flexion and extension

Includes 2 ligaments:

Ligament of the femoral head

Transverse acetabular ligament

What is the hip joint

Hip joint

Joint between the acetabulum and head of the femur

Ligament of the femoral head

Ligament of the hip joint that connects the fovea capitis to the acetabular fossa

Ligament of the hip joint

Connects the fovea capitis to the acetabular fossa

What is the ligament of the femoral head

Transverse acetabular ligament

Ligament of the hip joint that connects the 2 sides of the acetabular notch

Ligament of the hip joint

Connects the 2 sides of the acetabular notch (closes open c-shaped acetabulum)

Very strong

What is the transverse acetabular ligament

Hinge-like joint

Femorotibial joint

Femoropatellar joint

What is the stifle joint

Articulation of femoral condyles with tibial condyles

Medial and lateral collateral ligaments

Medial and lateral (thicker) menisci

Meniscofemoral ligament

What are the components of the femorotibial joint

Femorotibial joint

Articulation of the femoral condyles and tibial condyles

Medial collateral ligament: connects medial tibia to medial femur

Lateral collateral ligament: connects lateral tibia to lateral femur

What are the collateral ligaments of the stifle joint

Medial meniscus:

-thinner

-stuck to the tibia by the meniscotibial ligament

-very close proximity to medial collateral ligament-medial collateral ligament also held in place by proxy

-medial meniscus cannot move with movement of the stifle-> more prone to tears

Lateral meniscus:

-thicker

-not as close to the lateral collateral ligament

-has a meniscofemoral ligament that allows it to move along with movement of the stifle joint-> fewer tears

What are the orientations and connections of the menisci of the stifle joint that leads to the difference in pathological conditions between the 2

Medial meniscus

Issues with menisci of the stifle joint are typically seen with the ___ meniscus

Cranial cruciate ligament issues

95% of knee issues are a result of...

Their attachment on the tibia

Cruciate ligaments are named according to...

Tibial attachment: Cranial aspect

Femur attachment: Medial aspect of lateral condyle

High incidence of tear in dogs

Cranial drawer test

Cranial tibial thrust test

What is the cranial cruciate ligament

Tibial attachment: caudal aspect

Femur attachment: lateral aspect of medial condyle

Exact opposite as cranial cruciate

What is the caudal cruciate ligament

Articulation of femur with patella

Patellar ligament

Femoropatellar ligaments

-medial

-lateral

What is the femoropatellar joint

Femoropatellar joint

Articulation of the femur with the patella

Large ligament from the patella to the tibial tuberosity

Can see from both medial and lateral side

Holds the patella in place

What is the patellar ligament

Patellar ligament

Large ligament from the patella to the tibial tuberosity

Connect the patella to the fabellae (sesamoid bones)

Keep femur and patella from sliding to the right or left

Important for preventing patellar luxation

Medial femoropatellar ligament

Lateral femoropatellar ligament

What are the femoropatellar ligaments

Femoropatellar ligaments

Medial and lateral ligaments that connect the patella to the fabellae