Methods Review #2

What components of movement are necessary for precise articulation?

placement, sequencing, timing, force, direction

Three to five statements that describe the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test

useful in testing vocabulary acquisition, screening device for verbal ability and gifted-ness, receptive, untimed, large age range, standardized (norm-referenced), measures abilities

A normally developing child of 2:5 should have an approximate MLU of?

2.5 MLU

You have completed a language sample on a child. You counted 200 morphemes in 50 utterances. What is the child's MLU?

4.0 MLU

List three statements regarding the stimulability in speech sounds

child imitates clinicians production; gives a place to start; can be done using visual cues (point to mouth, mirror), verbal cues, model

Motherese

how a parent talks to a kid; high inflection, simple syllables, short sentences, repeat themselves

Describe the characteristics of language growth in an adolescent (teenager)

figurative language, code switching, learning vocabulary, reading level increasing with vocabulary

T/F Some articulation tests examine only consonants and not vowels.

true

T/F When evaluating a client with a mild articulation disorder tests for phonological processes may prove to be more diagnostically valuable than traditional articulation tests.

false

T/F Clinicians often use normative data to determine whether or not a child is developing within normal expectations.

true

T/F Most phonological processes are seen in normal speech acquisition.

true

T/F MLU is a general measure that tells us nothing about specific forms or structures a child is using

true

T/F Intervention practices must be based on scientific evidence.

true

T/F Consequences that are designated to increase the frequency of a behavior are termed punishment

false

T/F The purpose of homework is to provide the client with new information. Typically this is information you were meant to get to in therapy but ran out of time.

false

T/F Data collection difficulties can occur because objectives are written in a vague and unclear goal.

true

T/F Prognosis and recommendation statements must be written carefully to make sure they are not misleading or unrealistic

true

T/F Children who develop language typically have more verbs in their repertoire than other classes of words, such as nouns or adjectives

false

T/F It may be more effective to repeat or expand a child's utterance than to directly correct the child's form.

true

T/F Parents of children with severe language impairment often underestimate the child's level of ability

false

____ is the study of the use of language in communication interactions

pragmatics

____ is a clause that cannot stand alone. Such as "that he wanted, which was yellow"

dependent

During articulation testing, patients can provide either a ___ response in which the client names a picture after the therapist shows them a picture and asks them to name it, or a _____ response where they are asked to repeat.

spontaneous; imitative

On the PPVT the ___ is the lowest item set that is administered that contains one or zero errors; _____ is the highest item set that is administered that contains one or zero errors.

basils and ceilings

___ morphemes are words that can stand alone to convey meaning, while ___ morphes are word segments that must be attached to convey meaning.

free; bound

___ is a clause that can stand alone.

independent

___ refers to the structure of a language.

syntax

The doggy was running is a sentence using a _____

auxiliary verb; uncontracting

Dad is coming home is a sentence using a ____

auxiliary verb; contracting

Knowledge of a patients ____ functioning is critical to making decisions about eligibility for treatment and selecting appropriate therapy objectives.

cognitive

The ultimate goal of intervention is to teach ____ for facilitating the communication process rather than teaching isolated skills or behaviors, especially in adolescence and adults.

strategies

Intervention should be ___ oriented based on the nature of a client's specific deficits and learning style

patient

Every session should be effectively designed to provide the client with a ___ number of opportunities to practice the target behavior.

max

Most common sitting arrangements for conducting individual therapy are ____, side-by-side, and side-by-side in front of a mirror.

face-to-face

___ notes should be written daily after treatment.

treatment

Most articulation tests elicit phonemes at the word level. For the assessment of the initial, ____, and final position productions.

medial

Inattention is an impairment of ___ characterized by a difficulty with completing tasks, attention to details, following thorough instructions, and tuning out distracting stimuli

concentration

_____ the abrupt performance of action without sufficient deliberation of the consequence

impulsivity

Hyperactivity is an excessively high level of activity accompanied by a reduced ability to ____ the activity volitionally

inhibit

The fundamental purpose of intervention is either to ___ desired behavior or ____ unwanted behavior

increase; decrease

___ is an inappropriate and often involuntary continuation of a motor or verbal response that is no longer relevant.

preservation

Intervention is a dynamic process in which the clinician continuously assesses a client's progress to established ___ and modified as necessary.

goals

Following is an example of ____; going out in the cold weather leads to feeling cold

natural consequence

Manipulation or arrangement of a stimuli in a child's environment to create a setting that encourages them to engage in a target behavior, describes what approach?

milieu

Child says "doggy run." The clinician says "yes, the doggy is running."

expansion

The child says "car go." The clinician says "Yes. The car is going. It is a red car."

extension

Phonemic awareness and the ability to ____ words into ____ is the biggest predictor of reading and writing

segment; phonemes

By middle elementary school the focus of reading shifts to comprehension, or reading for ___

meaning

The development of written text structure proceeds from the ___ form to various types of ____ writing

narrative; expository

(Goldman-Fristoe, Arizona, Fisher-Logman, Photo, Templin-Darley) Which articulation test uses photos rather than line drawings

Photo articulation test

(Goldman-Fristoe, Arizona, Fisher-Logman, Photo, Templin-Darley) Which articulation test provides a wide range of information by sampling both spontaneous and imitative sound production includes ingle words and conversational speech, and a stimulability section

Goldman Fristoe

(Goldman-Fristoe, Arizona, Fisher-Logman, Photo, Templin-Darley) In which articulation test are error sounds analyzed based on voice, manner, and place, developmental ages of the single phoneme consonant are listed by the primary intent is to describe the feature difference in the error sound.

Fisher-Logman

(Goldman-Fristoe, Arizona, Fisher-Logman, Photo, Templin-Darley) Which articulation test provides a severity range, uses weighted values for phonemes based on frequency of occurance

Arizona

(Goldman-Fristoe, Arizona, Fisher-Logman, Photo, Templin-Darley) Which articulation test includes the 141 item diagnostic test overlays are provided to assist with the analysis of special groups of sounds.

Templin-Darley

(Semantics, grammar/syntax, pragmatics, metalinguistics) Word meaning

semantics

(Semantics, grammar/syntax, pragmatics, metalinguistics) Judging acceptability of a sentence

metalinguistics

(Semantics, grammar/syntax, pragmatics, metalinguistics) Communication intention such as requesting information

pragmatics

(Semantics, grammar/syntax, pragmatics, metalinguistics) Turn taking

pragmatics

(Semantics, grammar/syntax, pragmatics, metalinguistics) Noun forms, such as plurals and possessives

grammar

(Semantics, grammar/syntax, pragmatics, metalinguistics) Presupposition

pragmatics

(Semantics, grammar/syntax, pragmatics, metalinguistics) Negatives and questions

pragmatics/grammar

(Semantics, grammar/syntax, pragmatics, metalinguistics) Nonliteral meanings such as proverbs

semantics

(Semantics, grammar/syntax, pragmatics, metalinguistics) Verb forms such as progressive and past tense

grammar

(Semantics, grammar/syntax, pragmatics, metalinguistics) Judging the appropriateness of communication interactions

metalinguistics

Example of a noun

dog

Example of a verb

ran

Example of a preposition

on

Example of an adjective

chewy

Example of a pronoun

he

Example of an adverb

quickly

Example of a conjunction

but; and

Example of an affirmative

yes

Example of a negative

no

Example of an article

the

Example of a declarative sentence

I will go to the movies.

Example of an imperative sentence

Go to your room.

Example of an interrogative sentence

What are we doing today?

Example of measurable verbs for goal writing

utilize strategies, point to given word, express, choose from a field of four, repeat, write, match, produce

Does this sentence belong in a report? He just didn't get the point.

No

Does this sentence belong in a report? He demonstrated language skills characteristic of a 4 year old child

Yes

Does this sentence belong in a report? He appeared to not understand the task

Yes

Does this sentence belong in a report? He counted from 1-10 spontaneously

Yes

Does this sentence belong in a report? He followed directions without difficulty

No

Does this sentence belong in a report? He were well behaved before the speech student came into the room.

No

Does this sentence belong in a report? He generated 2-4 word utterances

Yes

Does this sentence belong in a report? I administered the test of language development.

No

Does this sentence belong in a report? The patient was absolutely unintelligible.

No

S in SOAP notes means

subjective (ex. Patient was groggy when he walked into the room)

O in SOAP notes means

objective (ex. Patient produced /r/ at the word level with __% accuracy with moderate verbal cues.)

A in SOAP notes means

assessment (ex. Patient was 20% more accurate in producing /b/ in comparison to previous sessions.)

P in SOAP notes means

plan (ex. Continue plan of care.)

Give an example of a substitution error

/w/ for /r/

Give an example of an addition error

b^lack

Give an example of a distortion error

lisp

Give an example of an omission error

up for cup

What is the purpose of an articulation screening

determine if they need further testing

Why is recording the specific phoneme that was substituted for the intended phoneme important

know type of error; analyzing for phonological processes; write goals

What are the three features of a phoneme

manner, place, voice

In what situations would intervention be terminated (two situations)

when goals are reached; when client doesn't make any progress

Give an example of a long term articulation goal

Student will produce age appropriate speech sounds at conversational level with 90% accuracy to communicate in school.