Global History, Culture, and Ideas: Democracy & Human Rights

These flashcards cover key concepts and terms related to democracy and human rights as discussed in the Global Studies 001 lecture.

What are the problems associated with globalization?

Economic exploitation, poor governance, and cultural imperialism.

What are some possible solutions to the problems of globalization?

Equity (fair trade, global tax), inclusion (voice, transparency), and diversity (local-global).

What is democratization and why is it critical?

Democratization is the process of introducing democratic governance; it is critical to confronting globalization.

What are the three waves of democratization?

1st wave: long 19th century, 2nd wave: post-WWII period, 3rd wave: late 20th century.

What defines electoral democracy?

Electoral democracy is when rulers are responsive to citizens through electoral competition, protected right to participate, clean elections, independent media, and protected freedom of expression.

How does liberal democracy differ from electoral democracy?

Liberal democracy includes electoral democracy plus executive and judicial constraints, civil liberties, and human rights.

What is the electoral democracy index?

An index that measures the extent to which political leaders are elected under comprehensive voting rights in free and fair elections, ranging from 0 to 1.

What is meant by 'backsliding' in the context of democracy?

Backsliding refers to the decline in the quality of democracy in a country, which can result in reverted autocratic practices.

What are some causes of backsliding?

Economic crises, globalization's negative impacts, spreading autocracy, and disinformation.

What does the term 'resource curse' refer to?

The paradox that countries rich in natural resources tend to have less economic growth, less democracy, and worse development outcomes.

How does globalization influence human rights?

Globalization spreads human rights norms and standards through international organizations, state commitments, and corporate social responsibility.

What is the Corporate Human Rights Benchmark?

A tool evaluating the world’s largest companies on policy commitments, monitoring and assessment, human rights practices, grievance mechanisms, and responses to allegations.

What are the concerns associated with the extractives and apparel sectors regarding human rights?

In the extractives sector: financial transparency and land rights; in the apparel sector: labor rights, poverty wages, and forced labor.