Anatomy - Chapter 1 (2)

Central

Pertaining to or situated at the center

Condyle

a rounded or knucklelike process

Crest

a prominent ridge

Head

an enlargement at one end of the bone, beyond its neck

Process

a bony prominence

Spine

a sharp projection

Trochanter

a very large bony projection

Tubercle

a small rounded projection

Tuberosity

a large rounded projection

Fissure

a cleft or deep groove

Foramen

an opening or perforation in a bone (or cartilage)

Fossa

a pit or hollow

Fovea

a small pitlike depression

Groove

a furrow

Meatus

a tube or passageway

Neck

a constriction near one end (the head) of a bone

Sinus

a cavity within a bone

Sulcus

a groove or a furrow

Flexion

refers to bending at a joint, usually toward the ventral surface

Extension

the act of pulling two ends further apart

Plantar

the sole of the foot

Palmar

pertaining to the palm of the hand

Thorax

the chest region

Abdomen

belly

trunk or torso

the thorax and abdomen make this

pelvis

area of hip bones

dorsal trunk

the back

Epithelial tissue

the superficial (outer) layer of mucous membrane and skin

Connective tissue

specialized for protection and support

Muscular tissue

contractile tissue that has muscle fibers capable of being stimulated to contract

Nervous tissue

communicative tissues consistent of neurons

Fascia

surrounds organs, can be thick or thin

Ligaments

connective tissues that bind bone to bone

Tendons

a means of attaching muscle to bone or cartilage

Bones

stars as cartilage, once containing more salt becomes bone

Diarthrodial (synovial) joints

joints that permit maximum mobility

Amphiarthrodial (cartilaginous) joins

joints that permit limited movement

Synarthrodial (fibrous) joints

joints that permit no movement

Origin

point of attachment that is the least mobile

Insertion

point of attachment that moves as a result of muscle contraction

Agonists

muscles that move a structure

Antagonists

a muscle that opposes the contraction of another muscle

Fixators

muscles that stabilize structures

Synergists

muscles that aid movement

Respiratory system

the physical system involved in respiration, including the lungs, bronchial passageway, trachea, larynx, pharynx, oral cavity, and nasal cavity

Phonatory system

the system including the laryngeal structures through which phonation is achieved

Articulatory/resonatory system

the system of structures involved in shaping the oral cavity for production of speech/the portion of the vocal tract through which acoustical product of vocal fold vibration resonates

Nervous system

the system of nervous tissue, comprising the central and peripheral nervous system