World History Chapter 18: Section 18.1

(1603- 1625); Elizabeth died without an heir; Mary Stuart's son inherited the throne and united England and Scotland

James 1

disagreed on “divine right of kings” (his absolute rule)

James 1 and Parliament

disagreed that the king is head of the church

James 1 and Puritans

(1611) ordered the translation of the Authorized or King James Version of the Bible

King James 1

England colonized Jamestown, VA (Virginia)

1607

England colonized Plymouth

1620

(1625-1649)

Charles 1

refused to give Charles the money he wanted, so he took it from the English people through taxes and laws

Parliament

signed by Charles reaffirming the rights of the people

Petition of Rights

In 1629, Charles dissolved Parliament; He became an absolute ruler in England

Eleven Years Tyranny

in 1630, many puritans fled England to start what colony?

Massachusetts Bay Colony

(1642) Roundheads vs. Cavaliers; Parliament’s supporters were the Roundheads and the king’s supporters were the Cavaliers

English Civil War

the leader of Parliament’s armies; his army was known as the “Ironsides”

Oliver Cromwell

turning point of the Civil War (Ironsides won)

Battle of Marston Moor

final major defeat of the Cavaliers

Battle of Naseby

declared King Charles 1 guilty of treason and had him beheaded

Rump Parliament

England’s republican government under Cromwell

Commonwealth

Cromwell’s government after he dissolved Parliament; he made himself “Lord Protector”

Protectorate

wrote Paradise Lost, England’s greatest epic

John Milton

wrote Pilgrim’s Progress, England’s greatest allegory

John Bunyan

England’s greatest epic

Paradise Lost

England’s greatest allegory

Pilgrim’s Progress

Oliver Cromwell’s weak successor

Richard Cromwell

son of Charles 1 who restored the monarchy in England

Charles II

secret agreement between Charles II and Louis XIV to make England Catholic

Treaty of Dover

leaders of Parliament who opposed Charles II

Whigs

Catholic king after Charles II

James II

overthrew James II and became the protestant King and Queen of England

William III and Mary II

permanently established English traditional political liberties

English Bill of Rights

the “Glorious Revolution” or the “Bloodless Revolution”

1688

the last Stuart monarch in England

Anne

England and Scotland united to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain

1707