Integumentary System Flashcards

Flashcards based on lecture notes covering the anatomy, function, assessment, and variations of the skin, hair, and nails.

Functions of the Skin

Includes protection, retention of fluid and electrolytes, sensory input, temperature control, Vitamin D production, waste disposal (sweat, urea, lactic acid), expression of emotion, repair of surface wounds, and signs of systemic disease (jaundice).

Skin Integrity Factors

The effectiveness of the skin depends on perfusion, nutrition, mobility or tactile perception, and skin integrity.

OLD CARTS

A mnemonic for collecting subjective data: Onset, Location, Duration, Character, Aggravators or alleviators, Related symptoms, Treatments, and Severity.

HOME

A mnemonic for subjective history collection: History, Other, Medications, and Environment/Exposure.

Pruritis

A frequent integumentary complaint related to itching.

Integumentary Inspection

Observations including general appearance and odors, unexpected color for race, hair distribution, cleanliness, and appearance of nails.

Integumentary Palpation

The assessment of texture, temperature, moisture, mobility, and turgor.

Expected Nail Findings

Includes cleanliness, white or translucent color, convex contour, expected thickness, and an angle of nail beds less than $180$ degrees.

Clubbing

An unexpected nail finding where the angle of the nail base is greater than $180$ degrees.

Annular

A lesion shape described as round with central clearing.

Iris

A lesion pattern described as a pink macule with a purple concentric ring, such as erythema multiforme.

Gyrate

A lesion pattern characterized by a snakelike appearance.

Polycyclic

Annular lesions that come in contact with one another as they spread, such as tinea corporis.

Confluent

Lesions that merge and run together over large areas, such as pityriasis rosea.

Zosteriform

Lesions following a nerve, such as herpes zoster.

ABCDEF Criteria

Criteria for identifying abnormal skin lesions: Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter, Elevation, and Feeling.

Braden Scale

A tool used to assess skin breakdown risk based on sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility, nutrition, and friction and shear.

Wound Assessment Criteria

Includes location, size, color, appearance of edges, drainage, tunneling, characteristics, and odor.

Milia and Erythema toxicum

Skin conditions commonly found in infants.

Hirsutism

A hair condition variable based on gender or culture.

Mongolian spots and Keloids

Skin variations encountered based on culture or race.

Coining and Cupping

Cultural practices that may result in skin variations observed during assessment.

Nutritional Support for Skin

The provision of protein, Vitamin C, and Zinc to promote healing and prevent breakdown.