MIS 1

Management Information Systems (MIS)

The intersection of technology, people, and processes in organizations.

Purpose of MIS

Maximizes business strengths by utilizing technology and data.

Components of Modern MIS

Includes enterprise resource planning, human resource management, and customer relationship management systems.

Impact of MIS on Management

Improves communication, decision-making, and helps managers visualize the big picture.

John Locke's Theory

Labor theory of property – work leads to ownership and wealth.

Adam Smith's Contribution

Division of labor, free enterprise, and the 'invisible hand' guide economic efficiency.

Frederick Taylor's Focus

Scientific management emphasizing efficiency, worker training, and cooperation.

Henri Fayol's Management Principles

14 principles of management including authority, discipline, and division of work.

Max Weber's Management Emphasis

Bureaucratic management principles focusing on specialization, hierarchy, and competence.

Mary Parker Follett's Management Focus

Stressed the importance of relationships and informal communication in management.

Elton Mayo's Contribution

Human behavior and relationships impact productivity, highlighted by the Hawthorne Studies.

Douglas McGregor's Theories

Theory X emphasizes strict control, while Theory Y focuses on trust and empowerment.

Peter Drucker's Ideas

Decentralization, outsourcing, and customer focus drive corporate success.

Mainframe Computers

Reliable for transaction processing, inventory control, and banking.

Personal Computers in MIS

Facilitate document creation, databases, and cloud access.

Client-Server Networks

Provide resource sharing, security, and internet access.

Cloud Computing in MIS

Allows flexible software access, storage, and collaboration.

Point of Sale (POS) Systems

Track sales, manage inventory, and integrate business processes.

Mobile POS Examples

Square, Inc. provides cloud-based solutions for transactions.

Decision Support Systems (DSS)

Help managers in real-time decision-making.

Supply Chain Management Systems (SCMS)

Optimize planning, sourcing, manufacturing, and logistics.

Human Resource Information Systems (HRIS)

Automate payroll, hiring, and performance tracking.

Marketing Information Systems (MKIS)

Gather, analyze, and distribute sales and marketing data.

Learning Management Systems (LMS)

Manage educational processes and track student performance.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

Integrates finance, HR, logistics, and sales into one comprehensive system.

Work-Life Balance Enabled by MIS

Supports telecommuting, flextime, and remote data access.

Risks of MIS for Employees

Overworking due to 24/7 availability of business communications.

Strategies for Managing Work-Life Balance

Managing correspondence, taking breaks, and setting daily goals.

Data Analytics in MIS

Automates data collection, processing, and reporting for decision-making.

Employee Monitoring Software

Tracks employee computer use for performance evaluation.

Video Conferencing Tools

Used for meetings, training, and interviews (e.g., Zoom, Skype).

Flextime & Telecommuting Benefits

Offer flexibility and pose challenges related to scheduling and accountability.

Green Computing

Sustainable technology practices becoming more prevalent.

Future Advancement in Collaboration

Apps for HR, scheduling, and management continually evolving.

Mobile Business Expansion

5G and cloud-based ERP systems enhance remote work capabilities.

Ethics Definition

Guidelines for decision-making, distinct from morality.

Ethics vs. Law/Reliigion

Ethics is not solely based on law or religion; legal systems may lag behind technology.

Ethical Concerns in MIS

Challenges of privacy in rapid data collection.

Digital Risks

Issues like deepfakes, identity theft, and fraud exacerbated by the internet.

Cyberbullying and Digital Piracy

Ethical dilemmas arising from anonymity and regulation challenges.

Role of Ethical Boards in Organizations

Ensures integrity, competence, confidentiality, and justice.

Five Dimensions of Ethical Behavior

Focus on privacy rights, intellectual property rights, control and accountability, quality standards, and quality of life.

Intellectual Property Rights

Protect creative works through patents, trademarks, and copyrights.

Computer Ethics Violations

Includes illegal activities like computer theft, software piracy, and scams.

Reporting Policy Violations

Employees should report violations to network administrators or supervisors.

Moral Rights Principle

Some decisions are inherently right or wrong.

Virtue Principle

Consider actions of a highly moral person.

Distributive Justice Principle

Ensure fair rewards based on effort.

Universalist Principle

Decisions should be fair for all.

Utilitarian Principle

Choose options that benefit the most people.

Leadership and Ethical Behavior

Leadership must uphold ethical standards to set a company-wide example.

Wells Fargo Scandal (2016)

Unauthorized account openings cost the company over $3 billion.

Right to Privacy Challenges

Increased challenges due to data collection practices.

UN's Affirmation of Digital Privacy Rights

Global laws regarding digital privacy vary.

U.S. Privacy Laws

Include First Amendment, DMCA, CIPA, ECPA, and US PATRIOT Act.

Copyright Protection

Protects original creative works like books, music, and software.

Patent Rights

Grants exclusive rights to new inventions for a limited time.

Trademarks & Trade Secrets

Protect brand identities and proprietary business information.

Big Data Definition

Massive datasets used for analytics in various sectors.

Methods of Data Collection

Direct inquiry, indirect tracking, and third-party data purchase.

Data Breaches Examples

High-profile cases include Facebook, Equifax, and Marriott.

Cloud Security

Third-party storage solutions that enhance security but increase dependency.

Big Data Privacy Issues

AI and predictive analytics can track behaviors, raising privacy concerns.

Protecting Digital Privacy Strategies

Use strong passwords, install antivirus software, enable private browsing, and monitor credit reports.

Challenges of Cookies

First-party cookies enhance user experience; third-party cookies can be invasive.

Types of Spyware

Keystroke loggers and packet sniffers capture sensitive information.

Opt-In vs. Opt-Out Policies

Opt-in requires active consent; opt-out involves pre-checked boxes.

Supply Chain Sourcing Definition

Purchasing goods or services for manufacturing and assembly.

Manufacturing & Assembly Definition

The process of creating items into their final deliverable form.

Supply Chain Logistics Definition

Moving items within the supply chain; logistic errors indicate breakdowns.

Supply Chain Planning Definition

Strategy for balancing supply and demand.

Forecasting in Supply Chain

Used to predict future supply chain needs.

POS Systems Overview

Track sales and inventory across retail chains.

Customer Relationship Management in POS

Built-in interfaces for managing customer relationships.

ERP Overview

Unifies separate business systems for improved agility.

LMS Definition

Tools for managing educational content and training programs.

Executive Support System (ESS) Definition

High-level decision-making tool for executives.

Ethical Analysis Steps

Gather facts, identify parties, review policies, analyze choices, and outcomes.

Remote Desktop Software Functionality

Enables remote access and management of systems.

Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act (2015)

Enhances cybersecurity collaboration.

Structured Data Definition

Fixed-field data designed for relational databases.

Big Data Uses

Analytics to identify predictive behaviors in organizations.

Heuristic-Based Detection Definition

Identifies new malware by analyzing suspicious characteristics.