AP EURO UNIT 14: 1894-1914 AGE OF ANXIETY AND NEW IMPERIALISM

Relativity Theory

Theory by Albert Einstein stating space and time are relative to the observer, leading to a new understanding of the universe.

Revolutionary Socialism

Branch desiring revolution and overthrow of upper class, aiming for European revolutions but hindered by nationalism.

General Strike

Socialist concept by Georges Sorel advocating for a Europe-wide working class strike to establish a socialist society.

Social Darwinism

Application of Darwin's evolution theory to humans, justifying racism and dominance of white Europeans over other races.

Volkish Thought

Belief in the superiority of the Aryan or German race, leading to discrimination against Jews and other races.

Anticlericalism

Movement against the Catholic Church in the late 19th century due to conflicts with modern ideas and scientific discoveries.

Modernism

New perspective of Christianity incorporating modern ideas, rejected by the Catholic Church and discontinued after WWI.

Post Impressionism

Art style similar to Impressionism but with less blur and more defined shapes, using techniques like pointillism.

Cubism

Art style characterized by geometric shapes and sharp lines to depict subjects in a unique way.

Abstract Painting

Art style focused on expression and interpretation, lacking specific subjects and allowing viewers to derive their own meanings.

Political Democracy

Principle advocating for universal suffrage and equal voting rights for all citizens in a legislature.

Suffragists

Movement fighting for women's right to vote, using peaceful means initially but turning radical to achieve their goals.

Anti-Semitism

Movement against the Jewish race, leading to persecution and discrimination, notably in Germany and Austria.

Pogroms

Planned massacres of Jews in Eastern Europe, causing mass emigration to escape persecution.

Zionism

Jewish nationalist movement seeking a homeland in Palestine to escape persecution and establish a Jewish state.

Transformism

Political strategy involving bribery to create alliances between political groups for forming a larger party in government.

New Imperialism

European colonial expansion into Asia and Africa post-1880s driven by economic competition, nationalism, and technological advancements.

Economic Imperialism

Expansion of a country through economic means, aiming to control sources of raw materials and increase profits.