abeka chemistry 11 section 11.1

electrolysis

process of passing an electric current through an electrolyte to cause a nonspontaneous reaction

sodium

used in the manufacture of drugs and dyes

lithium

alloy with aluminum forms a very  strong, lightweight metal used in aircraft and spacecraft

• rubidium

• cesium

used to remove oxygen from vacuum tubes

alkali

fill in the blank

______ metals are most commonly used in their compounds

sodium hydroxide

sodium compound that is used in the preparation of many products and is a primary ingredient in many drain and oven cleaners

sodium carbonate

used in the production of glass; soda ash

sodium hydrocarbonate

baking soda

alkaline earth metals

group 2 metals; harder and denser than metals but still softer and less dense than most metals

beryllium

fill in the blank

all the alkaline earth metals except ________ are prepared by the electrolysis of the molten chloride at high temperatures

hard water

forms scummy deposits due to the presence of calcium, magnesium, or iron(II) ions

ion-exchange resins

synthetic organic polymers that soften water by replacing hard-water ions with other ions

beryllium

used in windows in x-ray tubes

magnesium

alkaline earth metal that burns in air with a bright white flame

calcium

essential component of bones and teeth that is also involved in nerve excitation, vision, and muscle contraction

calcium oxide

one of the most heavily used chemical in the US

calcium carbonate

main component of limestone that is used extensively in iron ore reduction and in cement manufacture; limestone

aluminum

light, silvery-white metal that is the third most abundant element and the most abundant metal in the earth’s crust

bauxite

the main form of aluminum ore (the major ore)

hall-heroult process

process in which pure aluminum metal is produced from alumina by electrolysis

alnico

magnetic material; nickel, iron, cobalt

thermite process

highly exothermic reaction of aluminum powder with oxygen from iron(III) oxide

lead

dense metal used in car and truck batteries, weights, small-arms ammunition, and radiation shielding