biology nervous system

Nervous System

Body's command center for processing information.

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Nerves outside the Central Nervous System.

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Processing center for all body information.

Sensory Neurons

Transmit information from body to CNS.

Motor Neurons

Transmit information from CNS to muscles.

Cerebrum

Largest brain part for thought and movement.

Cerebellum

Controls balance and coordination of movements.

Brain Stem

Connects spinal cord to cerebrum, regulates vital functions.

Frontal Lobe

Responsible for reasoning, judgment, and voluntary movements.

Parietal Lobe

Processes sensory information and spatial awareness.

Temporal Lobe

Processes auditory information and memory encoding.

Occipital Lobe

Processes visual information from the optic nerve.

Limbic Lobe

Processes complex emotions and memories.

Medulla Oblongata

Controls breathing rate, heart rate, and blood pressure.

Pons

Aids in breathing and communication with cerebellum.

Hypothalamus

Regulates homeostasis, temperature, hunger, and mood.

Neuron

Brain cell transmitting electrical impulses.

Dendrite

Receives information and sends it to cell body.

Cell Body

Main part of neuron containing nucleus.

Axon

Transmits impulses away from the neuron.

Myelin Sheath

Insulating layer speeding up electrical impulses.

Synapse

Junction where neurons communicate with each other.

Neurotransmitters

Chemical messengers released at synapses.

Action Potential

Electrical signal triggering neurotransmitter release.