PAES Structures - Waste Specifications

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Methane % in biogas

50–70%

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Carbon dioxide % in biogas

30–40%

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Mesophilic temperature range

20–40 °C

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Slurry volume (days) for maximum collecting and manure separation tank size

10 days

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Slurry volume ratio of manure (kg) to water (L) for collecting tank sizing

1:01

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Estimated daily quantity of manure available for Pigs Porker, 3-8 months old, mixed ages (kg/day/animal)

2.2

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Estimated daily quantity of manure available for Pigs Porker, 18-36 kg (kg/day/animal)

2.55

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Estimated daily quantity of manure available for Pigs Porker, 36-55 kg (kg/day/animal)

5.22

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Estimated daily quantity of manure available for Pigs Porker, 55-73 kg (kg/day/animal)

6.67

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Estimated daily quantity of manure available for Pigs Porker, 73-91 kg (kg/day/animal)

8

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Estimated daily quantity of manure available for Cow Feedlot animal (kg/day/animal)

14

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Estimated daily quantity of manure available for Cow Breeding animal (kg/day/animal)

13

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Estimated daily quantity of manure available for Cow Work animal (kg/day/animal)

7.5

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Estimated daily quantity of manure available for Buffalo Breeding animal (kg/day/animal)

14

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Estimated daily quantity of manure available for Buffalo Work animal (kg/day/animal)

8

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Estimated daily quantity of manure available for Horse Breeding animal (kg/day/animal)

13.5

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Estimated daily quantity of manure available for Horse Work animal (kg/day/animal)

7.75

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Estimated daily quantity of manure available for Chicken Layer, 6 months or older (kg/day/animal)

0.075

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Estimated daily quantity of manure available for Chicken Broiler, day-old to 8 weeks (kg/day/animal)

0.025

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Minimum diameter of the inlet pipe

0.2 m

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Retention time for liquid pig manure (mesophilic range)

15–25 days

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Retention time for liquid cow/carabao manure (mesophilic range)

20–30 days

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Retention time for liquid chicken manure (mesophilic range)

20–40 days

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Retention time for animal manure mixed with plant material (mesophilic range)

50–80 days

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Maximum volume considered for optimum height/length ratios

70 m³

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Maximum wall thickness considered for optimum height/length ratios

25 cm

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Circular Horizontal Cross-section (Floating Type Integrated Plants and Open Tanks)

0.5

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Circular Horizontal Cross-section (Floating Separate Gasholder and Fixed Type Plants)

1

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Square Horizontal Cross-section (Floating Type Integrated Plants and Open Tanks)

0.5

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Square Horizontal Cross-section (Floating Separate Gasholder and Fixed Type Plants)

1

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Rectangular Horizontal Cross-section (L = 1.2W) (Floating Type Integrated Plants and Open Tanks)

0.455

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Rectangular Horizontal Cross-section (L = 1.2W) (Floating Separate Gasholder and Fixed Type Plants)

0.91

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Rectangular Horizontal Cross-section (L = 1.4W) (Floating Type Integrated Plants and Open Tanks)

0.42

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Rectangular Horizontal Cross-section (L = 1.4W) (Floating Separate Gasholder and Fixed Type Plants)

0.84

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Rectangular Horizontal Cross-section (L = 1.6W) (Floating Type Integrated Plants and Open Tanks)

0.385

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Rectangular Horizontal Cross-section (L = 1.6W) (Floating Separate Gasholder and Fixed Type Plants)

0.77

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Rectangular Horizontal Cross-section (L = 1.8W) (Floating Type Integrated Plants and Open Tanks)

0.36

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Rectangular Horizontal Cross-section (L = 1.8W) (Floating Separate Gasholder and Fixed Type Plants)

0.72

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Rectangular Horizontal Cross-section (L = 2.0W) (Floating Type Integrated Plants and Open Tanks)

0.34

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Rectangular Horizontal Cross-section (L = 2.0W) (Floating Separate Gasholder and Fixed Type Plants)

0.68

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Rectangular Horizontal Cross-section (L = 2.5W) (Floating Type Integrated Plants and Open Tanks)

0.295

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Rectangular Horizontal Cross-section (L = 2.5W) (Floating Separate Gasholder and Fixed Type Plants)

0.59

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Rectangular Horizontal Cross-section (L = 3.0W) (Floating Type Integrated Plants and Open Tanks)

0.26

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Rectangular Horizontal Cross-section (L = 3.0W) (Floating Separate Gasholder and Fixed Type Plants)

0.52

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Rectangular Horizontal Cross-section (L = 3.5W) (Floating Type Integrated Plants and Open Tanks)

0.235

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Rectangular Horizontal Cross-section (L = 3.5W) (Floating Separate Gasholder and Fixed Type Plants)

0.47

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Rectangular Horizontal Cross-section (L = 4.0W) (Floating Type Integrated Plants and Open Tanks)

0.215

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Rectangular Horizontal Cross-section (L = 4.0W) (Floating Separate Gasholder and Fixed Type Plants)

0.43

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Rectangular Horizontal Cross-section (L = 5.0W) (Floating Type Integrated Plants and Open Tanks)

0.185

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height/Length Ratio (r) for Rectangular Horizontal Cross-section (L = 5.0W) (Floating Separate Gasholder and Fixed Type Plants)

0.37

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Height range of baffle board relative to the height of the filling line

25–50%

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Total digester volume % occupied by the slurry (Fixed type and Balloon type)

80%

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Fluctuation factor % for effective gas chamber volume (Floating type)

30%

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Total digester volume % occupied by the gas generated (Fixed type and Balloon type)

20%

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Minimum diameter of the outlet pipe

0.2 m

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Digester volume fraction occupied by the slurry for outlet tank volume (Fixed type)

01-Mar

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Concrete channel slope (substrate source → collecting tank)

2%

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Floor inclination (mixing tank → inlet pipe)

8.5 – 17.5%

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Mixing tank floor elevation (above filling line)

0.2 m

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Inlet pipe inclination (concrete, with digester wall)

58%

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Inlet pipe lower end position (from digester floor, no retainer, floating type)

100 mm

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Inlet pipe length inserted to plastic tube (balloon type)

half of its length

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Fixed and Floating type digester Reinforcement steel bar diameter (digester reinforcement)

10 mm

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Fixed and Floating type digester Reinforcement bar spacing (curved and horizontal)

0.15 m

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Fixed and Floating type digester Plaster thickness (first layer)

13 mm

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Fixed and Floating type digester Plaster thickness (second layer)

6 mm

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Fixed and Floating type digester Plaster thickness (third layer)

6 mm

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Fixed and Floating type digester Manhole cover diameter

0.65 m

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Fixed and Floating type digester Manhole cover thickness

0.125 m

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Floor slope (Balloon type digester trench, inlet → outlet)

2.50%

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Plastic tube thickness (Balloon type digester)

200 µm

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Mild steel sheet thickness (floating gas drum sides)

2.5 mm

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Mild steel sheet thickness (floating gas drum top)

2 mm

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Wire mesh-reinforced concrete/fiber cement drum thickness (floating type gas chamber)

20 mm

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Floating type gas drum roof slope

16.50%

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Floating type gas chamber liquid jacket depth (as % of gasholder height)

95% gasholder height

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Floating type gas chamber liquid jacket minimum depth

300 mm

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Maximum internal pressure (Fixed dome plant gas chamber)

0.15 bar

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Gas outlet pipes Water depth above T-joint lower point (gas escape valve bottle)

40 – 50 mm

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Gas outlet pipes Underground PVC pipe minimum depth

0.25 m

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Gas outlet pipes Heavy-duty hose minimum diameter (with ply, indoors for pipe turns and bends)

13 mm

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Gas outlet pipes Piping system minimum inclination (for condensation drainage/water traps)

1%

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Concrete outlet pipe minimum diameter

200 mm

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Concrete outlet pipe inclination (with digester wall)

58%

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Outlet tank overflow elevation (below gas chamber lower surface)

100 mm

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Outlet tank floor elevation freeboard %

15%

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Outlet tank floor elevation (above filling line + freeboard 15%)

0.2 m

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Deep well minimum distance (from excavated pit, abundant groundwater)

2 m

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Deep well depth (below pit)

0.8 – 0.1 m

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Max substrate solid content % to use rotary pumps

8%

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Backfill minimum gap (both excavation sides)

0.15 m

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Backfill gravel/broken stone content (loose soil)

30%

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Backfill soil content (loose soil)

70%

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Backfill water content

20 – 25%

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Maximum mesophilic temperature fluctuation

±1 °C/h

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Normal pH range

7.0–8.5

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Toxicity threshold pH for methanogenic bacteria

6.2

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Desirable Carbon/Nitrogen (C/N) ratio

1:20–1:30

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Maximum C/N ratio

1:35

[PAES 413:2001 – Agricultural Structure – Biogas Plant] Pig manure gas production potential (m³/kg) at 25 days retention period

0.058