World History

Topic 2

purgatory

a place of punishment where souls pay for past sins

indulgence

a release from all or part of punishment for sins by the catholic church,reducing time in purgatory after death

thesis

a position or idea a person puts forward and is willing to prove through argument

recant

to withdraw a statement or position formally and publicly

humanism

an intellectual movement of the renaissance based on the study of the humanism, which included grammar,rhetoric,poetry,moral,philosophy and history.

heretic

a person who opposes or does not conform to established religious teaching

predestination

a concept which Calvin supported and Luther did not.the,among other things,led to a divide within protestantism, and calvinism spread throughout France, the Netherlands,scotland, and central and Eastern Europe

popular sovereighty

however, Marsilius ideas had little effect on the status quo of government rule of the period

mercenary

a soldier who fights primarily for pay

republic

a form government in which the leader is not a king and certain have the right to vote

Vernacular

vernacular

The local spoken language. people in different parts of Italy spoke different italian dialects. in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries.

fresco

painting done on fresh, wet plaster with water based paints

linear perspective

artistic technique used to give the effect of three-dimensional depth to two-dimensional surfaces

altarpiece

an artwork that represents a religious subject and is placed behind the altar of a Christian church.

pieve