HEALTH SCIENCE PRESENTATIONS EXAM 2

Why should we patient-centered care

it is our ethical obligation as health professionals, public health experts, researchers, and administration to ensure this for patients and families

what the eyes see

the brain understands

cognitive errors can disrupt what

patient centered care

cognitive error

a mental shortcut our brain takes to deal with a lot of info quickly

cognitive biases

pattern of “‘thinking” errors that are systematic, not random

are people aware of their cognitive biases

no

know about cognitive errors

we keep practicing because when we are under time pressure, tired or stressed, we are vulnerable to the cognitive biases

availability bias

when we decide something based on the first thing that comes to our minds

confirmation bias

the tendency to give greater weight to data that support a preliminary diagnosis while failing to seek or dismissing contradictory evidence

overlearned false ideas

different social groups can also negatively affect patient-centered care

False assumptions of incompetency

so automatically talk to the family member, not the
patient about medical decisions.

False assumptions of a lack of sexuality or attractiveness

don’t think to have safer sex conversations or reproductive health care discussions

Concerns that people with disabilities are too expensive to take care of

so don’t invest in accessible equipment such as exam tables or tell patients that they don’t have room in their practice.

Risk of wrong diagnosis increases

• Patients get inadequate or inadequate treatment

• Patients get delayed referrals for screenings, tests

• Increased mortality and morbidity for patients

People are disrespected, not believed, misunderstood & hurt

• Health care experience is stressful

• Decreased trust of provider

• Less likely to come back for more care

• Health professional has effectively decreased access to health care

major cause of obesity

genetics, hormonal changes, stress, sleeping disorders

race is NOT

biological

the health literacy gap

people’s skills and the complexity of health system

medical errors

46% did not understand the instructions on more than one label

➢ 38% with adequate literacy missed at least one label

71% correctly read the instructions “take two tablets by mouth daily”

Only 35% could demonstrate the number of pills

to actually take

Proficient health literacy

Define medical terms, Calculate share of
employee’s health insurance costs

Intermediate health literacy

Determine healthy weight from BMI

chart, interpret prescription and OTC drug labels

Basic health literacy

Understand simple patient education handout

Below Basic health literacy

Circle date on appointment slip, understand

simple pamphlet about pre-test instructions

How many Americans have difficulty understanding and using health information

90%

impact of poor literacy

Less likely to comply with treatment and

medication plans, Risks of hospitalizations and longer stays, Not managing chronic conditions properly, Increased costs and poor health outcomes, Increased mortality

Costs of Low Health Literacy

People with low health literacy have over four

times higher annual health care costs

Lack of Health Literacy can lead to

costly to the patient and beyond