Valence Bond Theory and Hybridization

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14 Terms

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ฯƒ bond
cylindrically symmetric about the bond axis; no nodal plane along the bond axis
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๐œ‹ bond
electron density in 2 lobes with a single nodal plane along the bond axis
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Single bond
๐œ‹ bond
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Double bond
ฯƒ bond + ๐œ‹ bond
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Triple bond
ฯƒ bond + ๐œ‹ bond + ๐œ‹ bond
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Exception
single-bonded terminal atoms
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Electron promotion serves to
increase the number of unpaired electrons; if you have an empty orbital you can promote one of your electrons to that orbital
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The hybrid orbitals only differ in
their orientation in space
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2 hybrid orbitals =

sp
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3 hybrid orbitals =
spยฒ
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4 hybrid orbitals =
spยณ
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In valence bond theory, bonds result from
the pairing of unpaired electrons from the valence shell atomic orbitals
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Energy for the initial electron promotion comes from
bonding
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Molecules can't rotate around a
double bond