Valence Bond Theory and Hybridization
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Last updated 11:24 PM on 8/3/22
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14 Terms
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σ bond
cylindrically symmetric about the bond axis; no nodal plane along the bond axis
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𝜋 bond
electron density in 2 lobes with a single nodal plane along the bond axis
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Single bond
𝜋 bond
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Double bond
σ bond + 𝜋 bond
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Triple bond
σ bond + 𝜋 bond + 𝜋 bond
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Exception
single-bonded terminal atoms
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Electron promotion serves to
increase the number of unpaired electrons; if you have an empty orbital you can promote one of your electrons to that orbital
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The hybrid orbitals only differ in
their orientation in space
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2 hybrid orbitals =
sp
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3 hybrid orbitals =
sp²
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4 hybrid orbitals =
sp³
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In valence bond theory, bonds result from
the pairing of unpaired electrons from the valence shell atomic orbitals
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Energy for the initial electron promotion comes from
bonding
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Molecules can't rotate around a
double bond
