Glycolysis and Enzyme Mechanisms

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering the key components of glycolysis, its inputs and outputs, and the specific role of isomerase enzymes as discussed in the context of the IMAT exam.

Cytosol

The location within the cell where the glycolysis process takes place.

Glycolysis Inputs

The molecules required to start glycolysis, which include glucose and $2$ ATP.

Glycolysis Total Outputs

The products resulting from glycolysis, consisting of $2$ pyruvate, $4$ ATP ($2$ of which are net), and $2$ net h.

Glycolysis

A metabolic pathway made out of $10$ reactions with the aim to turn glucose into $2$ pyruvate.

Exokinase

The enzyme involved in the first reaction of glycolysis that turns glucose into glucose $6$ phosphate using ATP.

Isomerase enzyme

A type of enzyme that catalyzes an isomerization reaction, converting one molecule into an isomer of itself.

Isomerization reaction

A chemical process where a molecule is converted into another molecule that has the same formula but a different structure.

Isomers

Molecules that share the same chemical formula but possess different structural arrangements.

Glucose and fructose

Two biomolecules that are isomers of each other, sharing the same chemical formula but having different structures.

Glycolysis Isomerase Reaction

A specific step in glycolysis where glucose $6$ phosphate is changed into its isomer, fructose $6$ phosphate, catalyzed by an isomerase.