Accident Causation Theories

All accidents are caused! There are logical reason why they happen and logical solution to prevent them

Domino Theory of Accident Causation

Percentage of industrial accidents caused by unsafe acts committed by fellow workers

88%

Percentage of industrial accidents caused by unsafe condition

10%

Percentage of industrial accidents that are avoidable

2%

negative traits that lead to unsafe manner, inherited or acquired from social environment

Ancestry & Social Environment

Negative traits, behaviour of people, why hazardous condition exist

Fault of Person

unsafe act of people related to —> Mechanical or Physical Hazards are direct causes of accidents

Unsafe Act / Mechanical or Physical Hazard

injury from falls and impact of moving objects

Accident

unsafe act/physical or mechanical hazard, unsafe behaviour

Accident

result of accidents, includes lacerations and fractures

Injury

Two Central Points

• injuries = action of preceding factors
  Remove central factor = prevent accidents & injuries

According to Heinrich’s Theory the first central point is

Injuries = action of preceding factors

According to Heinrich’s Theory the 2nd central point is

Remove central factor = prevent accidents & injuries

Unplanned, uncontrolled event that could result in personal injury or property damage.

Accident

Is it an accident if a person slips, but no injury?

Yes

Control hazards through product design or process change

Corrective Action Engineering

Train workers in safety & impose safety management pays off

Education

Make sure internal & external rules, regulations, and procedures are followed by workers & management

Enforcement

Human Errors cause accidents

Human Factors theory

Workload beyond workers capability:
- Physical & Psychological Factor
- Influenced by environmental, internal, and situational factors.

Overload

• - to hazards and safety measures (workers fault)
  - to incompatible workstation (management, environments faults)

INAPPROPRIATE WORKER RESPONSE

• lack of training

• misjudgment of risk

INAPPROPRIATE ACTIVITIES