AP1 1.2 Organization of the Body S26

integumentary system

Consists of the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nail; protects and covers the body from the exterior environment

musculoskeletal system

the system of bones and skeletal muscles that support and protect the body and permit movement

nervous system

the body's fast, electrical communication network consisting of brain, spinal cord, nerves, and receptors

endocrine system

the body's "slow" chemical communication system; a set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream

cardiovascular system

The heart and blood vessels that act to transport oxygen, waste, nutrients, hormones, heat, etc… around the body

respiratory system

The system responsible for taking in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide using the lungs

digestive system

The body system the breaks down food and absorbs nutrients; made of stomach, intestines, and other organs

urinary system

The system that regulates body fluid levels and is involved in removing wastes from the blood; kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

lymphatic & immune systems

A system (including the thymus and bone marrow and lymphoid tissues) that protects the body from foreign substances and pathogenic organisms by producing the immune response

reproductive system

Reproduce offspring- produce male sex cells (sperm) and female sex cells (oocytes)

macromolecule

a molecule containing a very large number of atoms, such as a protein, nucleic acid, or carbohydrate

cell

The basic unit of structure and function in living things

tissue

group of similar cells that perform a particular function

organ

A collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body

organ system

group of organs that work together to perform a specific function

organism

A living thing

hierarchical

arranging things one above the other by rank

atom

basic unit of matter

organs of the skeletal system

Bones, joints, cartilage, connective tissues

organs of the nervous system

Brain, spinal cord, nerves

organs of the cardiovascular system

Heart and blood vessels

organs of the respiratory system

Lungs and airways (pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli)

organs of the digestive system

mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines

organs of the muscular system

skeletal muscles

organs of the integumentary system

skin, hair, nails, oil glands, sweat glands

organs of the Lymphatic and Immune Systems

lymph, vessels, nodes, white blood cells

organs of the urinary System

kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra

organs of the endocrine system

Glands and gonads

organs of the reproductive system

Gonads, internal & external genitals

compound

substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions

molecule

two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds

ionic compound

A compound that consists of positive and negative ions that attract each other

homeostasis

process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment