AP1 1.2 Organization of the Body S26
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33 Terms
integumentary system
Consists of the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nail; protects and covers the body from the exterior environment
musculoskeletal system
the system of bones and skeletal muscles that support and protect the body and permit movement
nervous system
the body's fast, electrical communication network consisting of brain, spinal cord, nerves, and receptors
endocrine system
the body's "slow" chemical communication system; a set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream
cardiovascular system
The heart and blood vessels that act to transport oxygen, waste, nutrients, hormones, heat, etc… around the body
respiratory system
The system responsible for taking in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide using the lungs
digestive system
The body system the breaks down food and absorbs nutrients; made of stomach, intestines, and other organs
urinary system
The system that regulates body fluid levels and is involved in removing wastes from the blood; kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
lymphatic & immune systems
A system (including the thymus and bone marrow and lymphoid tissues) that protects the body from foreign substances and pathogenic organisms by producing the immune response
reproductive system
Reproduce offspring- produce male sex cells (sperm) and female sex cells (oocytes)
macromolecule
a molecule containing a very large number of atoms, such as a protein, nucleic acid, or carbohydrate
cell
The basic unit of structure and function in living things
tissue
group of similar cells that perform a particular function
organ
A collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body
organ system
group of organs that work together to perform a specific function
organism
A living thing
hierarchical
arranging things one above the other by rank
atom
basic unit of matter
organs of the skeletal system
Bones, joints, cartilage, connective tissues
organs of the nervous system
Brain, spinal cord, nerves
organs of the cardiovascular system
Heart and blood vessels
organs of the respiratory system
Lungs and airways (pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli)
organs of the digestive system
mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines
organs of the muscular system
skeletal muscles
organs of the integumentary system
skin, hair, nails, oil glands, sweat glands
organs of the Lymphatic and Immune Systems
lymph, vessels, nodes, white blood cells
organs of the urinary System
kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra
organs of the endocrine system
Glands and gonads
organs of the reproductive system
Gonads, internal & external genitals
compound
substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions
molecule
two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
ionic compound
A compound that consists of positive and negative ions that attract each other
homeostasis
process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment