IH 1 - Exam 1

Classes of hazards

Chemical, physical, biological, ergonomic, physiological

Exposure parameters

Frequency, intensity, time, type

What does AREC stand for

Anticipation, recognition, evaluation, control

Who is the father of medicine and what did he do

Hippocrates, wrote about disease associated with occupations

What is Boyles law

P1V1=P2V2 (time constant)

What is Charles law

V1/T1=V2/T2 (pressure constant)

What is josephs law

P1/T1=P2/T2 (volume constant)

What is density calculations

D=PMW/RT

Who is Agricola

Hazards associated with mining were detailed in De Re Metallica. Suggested that workers be provided with protective masks and mines with ventilation

Who is Alice Hamilton

Became the champion of workers health in the USA in the early 19000s. Investigated various issues for the state and federal health committees related to working conditions in industry.

Who is Hippocrates

2400 years ago, this individual recognized and recorded the effects of exposure to lead in the mining and smelting industry.

Who is considered the Father of Occupational Medicine?

Bernardino Ramazzini

Who is Percival Pott

Famous for recognizing chimney soot as the source of scrotal cancer among chimney sweeps

When is Pliny the Elder

About 100AD, he described masks used by workers using zinc and sulfur

What is the English Factory Acts

In 1833, these became the first government actions to show an interest in health and safety workers

Who is paracelsus

Known as the father of toxicology, wrote about occupational diseases in miners and smelters. It’s the dose that makes the poison

Who is Ramazzini

Father of industrial medicine, “what trade are you”

Having this type of material is an area with an exothermic reaction or other ignition source. The potential to burn and produce other hazardous byproducts

flammable liquid

OSHS flammable liquid with the flashpoint below 100F

Flammable liquid

To create change of repeating subunits. The creation of a long chain from monomers

polymerize

Look for this hazardous designation reference on SDS. Many times, is exothermic

Polymerize

To be responsive or to react to a stimulus

Reactive

A material that will rapidly decompose or combust, resulting in generation of heat and gases. Chemical compound mixer or device that substantially instantaneously releases gas in heat

Explosive

Usually, it refers to a chemical or substance having the ability to cause acute or chronic injury or death

Toxics

Exist in the gaseous phase at normal temperature and pressure. Can be compressed in a cylinder in both liquid and gas states

Compresses gases

What is TWA and what agency

Time Weighted Average. All

Definition of TWA

Denotes an average of the total exposure over a designated period of time. Unless otherwise designated, the time is usually 8 hr

What is PEL and what Agency

Permissible exposure limit. OSHA

PEL definition

Concentration to which most workers can be exposed 8 hr/day, 40 hr/week without adverse health effects.

What is TLV and what Agency

Threshold limit value. ACGIH

Definition of TLV

Same as PEL for 8-hr TWA

What is REL and what agency

Recommended exposure limit. NIOSH

Definition of REL

Concentration to which most workers can be exposed 10 hr/day, 40 hr/week without adverse health effects

What is STEL and what agency

Short term exposure limit. All

Definition of STEL

concentration at which exposures should be limited to 15 min. duration nor more than 4 times/day, with at least 1 hour between exposures, assuming the TWA is not exceeded.

What does C mean and what agency

Ceiling. All

Definition of C

Concentration that should never be exceeded, even instantaneously

Calculation for calculating concentration in a room using ppm

TWA=C1T1+C2T2+C3T3/T1+T2+T3= ppm

what is toxicology

study of poisons

What are poisons

substance when introduced to a living organism causing death or injury. Dose makes the poison

What is descriptive toxicology

toxicity testing, forensic, ecotoxicology

Routes of exposure

inhalation, skin abortion, ingestion, injection