Week 2: Communication Sciences in Multicultural Society

Face validity

term that suggests the measures are good proxies in the real world

V6

This level of evidence is from a well informed export who declares it so, poorest quality of evidence

V5

Level of evidence where case reports are the outcome of treatment on a particular individual; no control group, cannot be generalized, poor quality of evidence

V4

Level of research where the research lacks control or comparisons, difficult to determine which can be the better treatment

V3

Level of evidence where the experimental study is not fully randomized, but well designed (considered the best in SPH), treatment X compared to another experimental condition

V2

Level of research where one randomized control trial, well designed experiment with random sampling and assignment

V1

Level of research with meta analysis or systematic review of many RTCs

Language as culture

Concept of language depicting it as socially learned, conventionalized (arbitrary and agreed upon), all members of different speech communities.

Concepts of Language variation

1. cultural factors influence variation

2. nothing inherently correct about one way of speaking

3. no reference language or culture

4. comparison group for language/communication challenge

Typical

Term used to define a common trajectory of development for youth

Age-norm standardized test

Test to accurately estimate the age at which most typical developing children master a particular linguistic dimension

Sample

smaller, sub-set, of a population

Population

the community or group you want to know something about

accent

term for generally how any one person sounds

Dialect

term for differences that go beyond punctuation, including grammatical and lexical

Code switching

term for switching between languages, accents, and behaviors depending on the situation

Simultaneous bilinguals

term for an individual who learns two languages at a young age

sequential bilingual

term for learning one language at birth and another at an early age

“Foreign Accent”

Term used to describe one’s pronunciation pattern of a language that differs form the ‘native accent’

Accent modification

term for helping individuals alter their language pronunciation to be a more ‘proficient’ speaker

What is controversial about accent modification?

This process can appear problematic because there is no reference accent or language to deep “peak proficiency”

What was the main argument of Yolonda Holt’s guest lecture?

There is a complex relationship between those with different accents and the narrative of the native speaker

What is problematic about referring a child to an SLP, despite the child having no language disability?

This takes resources away from the child and family (time/money), takes away resources from children who do need SLP services

Cultural competence

Accounting for cultural differences and understandings in a clinical setting.

What is the main argument of the Hernandez article?

She shares her personal story about having her accent be labeled as problematic

Language oppression

Term for acts that devalue a person’s cultural and language differences

What are Hernandez’s language justice goals?

1. seeking educational equity

2. affirming identities

3. promoting bi/multilingualism

4. structuring integration

Linguistic cognitive processes

Term for the nature and structure of a message, what is being communicated, and the form it takes